The following word-list has been assembled from a number of sources in the course of translation and with the aid of several contributors. Particular thanks to Willis Johnson, who ensured that the thousand most common Latin words were included. The word-list presently consists of about 5000 entries, with a number of words with a large number of possible translations having multiple entries. The file is about 215K. Please remember that this is a word-list, not a dictionary. It does not regularly provide grammatical information, and the English suggestions are only the most common of the possible translations. If you are using this list within your own word-processor, we might suggest that you supplement the English words given with your theasaurus function. I will be happy to receive any additions to the list, or corrections. updated: 10 May 1995 Lynn Nelson lhnelson@ukanaix.cc.ukans.edu A: a ab abs : (prep + abl) numbers - counting from a ab abs : (prep + abl) separation - out of (one out of many). a ab abs : (prep + abl) time - from, since, after. a ab abs : (prep + abl) in connection with, with regard to. a ab abs : (prep + abl) with passive verbs - by, because. a ab abs : (prep + abl) space- from, away from. abalienato : transfer of property, alienation abavus : great-great-grandfather abbas abbatis : father /abbot. abbatia : abbey, monastery. abdico : to renounce, reject / abdicate / disapprove of abdo : put away, remove / hide, conceal. abdomen : belly / gluttony. abduco : to lead, or take away/ detach, withdraw. abeo : to go away, retire /depart from life, die. abeo : to digress / change / vanish, disappear. abeo : to pass, to have been aberro : to wander, deviate, escape. abhinc : ago, back from now. abicio : to thrown down, dispense with, get rid of /dishearten, weaken. abiego : to send away, send off. abigo : to drive off, drive away, rustle cattle, steal. abiungo : to unharnass/ separate, detach. abiuro : to deny by oath. abluo : to wash clean. abnego : to deny, refuse. abnepos : great-great-grandson. abnocto : to spend the night out, to stay away all night. aboleo : to destroy, abolish, annul, do away with, obliterate. abolesco : to die, perish, vanish. aborior : to set (as in "the sun sets"). abortio : miscarriage. abortivus : one prematurely born. abrogo: to repeal, annul, remove, take away. abrumpo: to break off, sever, remove, dissociate, separate. abruptio: separation, divorce. abscido : to cut off, to separate, take away. absconditus : hidden, concealed. abscondo : to hide, conceal, secrete. absens, absentis : (adj.) absent, missing, away, gone. absisto : to go away, desist. absit : "god forbid, "let it be far from the hearts of the faithful" absorbeo : to swallow, gulp down, carry away, engross. absque : (+ ablative) without, except abstergo : to wipe off, clean away. abstulo : to take away, withdraw. absum : to be absent, be away, be missing. abundans : abundant, overflowing, abounding in. abundantia : abundance, bounty, plenty abutor : to use abusive language / use a word incorrectly. abutor : to make full use of, to abuse. ac : =atque and accedo : to approach, come near /(things) to be added. accelero : to quicken, hasten, speed /accelerate. accendo : to kindle, illuminate, inflame. acceptius : suitable for receiving acceptus : welcome, pleasant, agreeable. accido : to fall down /to happen, occur / to hack, hew /to ruin, destroy accipio : cepi, ceptum, receive, accept accipio : to consider oneself indebted, receive, learn, take. accommodo : to adjust, adapt, accommodate oneself. accusator : accusor, plaintiff. accuso : to accuse, blame, find fault with. acer : sharp, keen, eager, severe, fierce. acerbitas : harshness, bitterness. acerbus : bitter, gloomy, dark. acervus : a heap, mass. acidus : sharp, sour. acies : keeness, edge, sharpness, battle-line, battlefield. acquiro : to acquire, gain, get, obtain. acsi : as if, (Herimann p. 283, 293). adamo : to fall in love with, find pleasure in. adapto : adapt, adjust, make ready, or fit. adaugeo : to make greater, add, increase. addo : to give, bring, place, / inspire, cause,/ add, join. adduco : to lead, induce, persuade. ademptio: a taking away. adeo : to approach, visit, come to, undertake. adeo : to such a point, such an extent, so far, so long. adeo : (adverb) so far, to that point, so much, so long, etc. adeptio : attainment, obtaining, achievement. adepto : to obtain, get, acquire. adfectus affectus : (fr. adficio) influenced, worked upon. adfero affero : to cause, bring about, contribute. adfero affero : to bring news, report / apply, bring to bear. adficio : to affect, afflict, weaken, sap, exhaust, drain. adflicto affligo : to injure, weaken, discourage, damage, break. adhaero : to hang to, stick to, adhere. adhuc : till then, till now, still, even now, besides, also, yet. adicio : to direct, address, apply / to throw to. adimpleo : to fulfill, perform. adinventitias : (?) Herimann, cap 2. adipiscor : to come up to, overtake, obtain. adiuvo : to help, aid, assist. adjicio : 4, to add, to turn towards, move towards, suggest adjungo : to join connect administratio : giving of help, administration, government. admiratio : wonder, astonishment, surprise, admiration. admiror : to wonder at, admire, marvel at. admitto : to admit, receive. admoneo : admonish, advise. admonitio : warning, reminder. (insult: Herimann, p. 282). admoveo : to move to, bring up, apply. adnuo : to nod assent. adopto : to wish for oneself, adopt, select, pick out. adservio : to aid, help, assist. adsidue assidue : continuously, without remission. adstringo : (persons) bind, oblige, (+ refl.) commit oneself to adstringo : to draw together, tighten, compress, compact / adsuesco assuesco : to grow accustomed to, used to, make familiar. adsuetudo : custom, habit. adsum : to assist, be present, be near, be in attendance, adsumo (assumo) : to take to oneself, claim, appropriate, call. aduentus : arrival adulatio : fawning, flattery, sycophancy, buttering up. adulescens : young man, youth, lad. adulescentia : youth adultus : (adj.) grown up, mature, adult, of age. aduro (adustum) : to set fire to, burn, singe, kindle, light. advenio : to come, arrive, reach. adversor : to oppose, resist, fight back. adversus : (prep. + acc.) toward, against, facing. adversus : (adj.) facing, opposite, opposing. /unfortunate. adverto : to turn towards, direct one's attention to, attract. advoco : to summon, call / call in an advisor. aedificium edificium : building, structure. aeger eger : sick, ill. aegre egre : (adv.) hardly, scarcely, with difficulty, laboriously. aegresco egresco : to fall ill, become troubled, grow worse. aegretudo egretudo : sickness, mental illness. aegrotatio egrotatio : sickness, illness. aegrus : ill, diseased, unwell. aeneus eneus : made of copper or bronze, brazen. aequitas equitas : justice, fairness, equity. aequus, equus : level, even, calm, equal, favorable, just. aer, aeris : air, atmosphere, ether, weather. aestas estas : summer. aestivus estivus : pertaining to summer. aestus estus : heat, tide. aetas : an age, stage, period of life, time, era. aeternus eternus : eternal, everlasting, without end. affero : (adfero) to bring, give, impart, turn over ager (agri) : farm, field, acre. ager : land, countryside, fields. aggero : to make a mound, heap up, increase. aggredior : to go to, approach, address, attack. agito : to put in motion, move, rouse agnitio : recognition, knowledge. agnosco : acknowledge. agnosco : to know again, recognize, report, understand, admit/ agnosco : to recognize, understand, perceive/ ago (egi actum ) : to spend time, live / manage, drive, lead. ait : he says. aiunt: they say. alibi : else where, in other respects alienus : somebody else's, foreign, alien, strange, different. alii ... alii : some ... others. alioqui : (adv.) otherwise. alioquin : (adv.) otherwise, in some respects /in general. aliqua : some. aliquando : at any time, sometimes, occasionally, at last. aliquanta : (adj.) moderate, or some size. aliquanto : somewhat, considerably. aliquantum : (noun) a good deal. aliquantus : (adj.) of some size, moderate. aliqui : some. aliquid : someone, somebody, something. aliquis : someone, anyone, anything, (adv.) in any respect. aliquo : (adv.) in some direction. aliquot : some, several. aliquotiens : some times. aliquoties : [sic](adverb) several times alius : alia : aliud : other, another, someone else, something else. allatus (=adfero) : having been brought. allec : herrings alo (alui altum) : nourish, cherish, support, sustain, maintain, keep. alquod : some. alter ... alter : the one ... the other. alter : (adv.) otherwise. alter altera alterum : the second, the other one. altus : high, deep. alumno : nurseling, student, disciple alveus : hollow, basket, bed (of a river). amaritudo : bitterness. ambitus : border, edge, extent /going around, circuit. ambulo : to walk. amicitia : friendship amiculum : cloak, cape. amicus : friend, comrade. amissio : amissus : loss. amita : father's sister, paternal aunt. amitto : to dismiss, send away, lose, let slip away. amo : to love, like, be fond of, cherish. amoenitas : pleasantness [of a place]. amoena : pleasant [of a place]. amor : love, affection, infatuation, passion. amotio : removal amoveo : to move away, remove, take out, shift. amplector : to embrace, surround. amplexus : an embracing, surrounding, loving embrace, [euphemism] amplio : to enlarge, increase, improve. amplitudo : size, breadth, dignity, grandeur, greatness. amplus : large, spacious, ample /great important, honorable. an : (adv.) or "Are you going OR are you staying?" ancilla : maidservant, also used by nuns to decribe themselves. andron : corridor, aisle. anethum : dill, anise. angelus : angel. angulus : corner, niche. angustus : narrow, limited, strait, tight, constricted. animadverto : to turn the mind to, take notice of, see, perceive. animi : at heart. animosus : -a,-um courageous, ardent, passionate, furious animus : character, intellect, memory, consciousness, often = mind. animus : courage, vivacity, bravery, will, spirit, soul. annona : yearly produce, grain crop / price of grain / cost of living annullo : to obliterate, destroy, annihilate. annuo : to nod, consent, give assent to /approve, favor. annuo : to allow, grant, promise /designate. annus : year ansa : a handle anser : goose. ante : (prep. + acc.) before/ in front of/ (adv.) before, previously. antea : (adv.) before, previously, formerly. antepono : (+ dat.) put before, prefer, favor, promote. antequam : before (in time) antiquus : ancient, old, hoary, aperio : to uncover, lay bare, reveal, make clear. aperito : F, an opening aperte : openly, frankly. apertio : f, an opening apostolus : (legal) notice sent to a higher tribunal / ecc. Apostle. apparatus : equipment, gear, machinery/ splendor, magnificence. appareo : to become visible, appear, manifest appello : to land appello : to call, name, summon. appono : to appoint a person, to add something. appono : to place near, put to, serve, put on the table. appositus : placed near, approaching, appropriate, appositively. approbo : to approve appropinquo : (+ dat.) to near, drawn near, come close, approach. apto : to fit, approve. aptus : suitable, appropriate, fitting. aptus : fitted, connected, fastened /prepared, fitted out. apud : (prep. + acc.) among, in the presence of, at, at the house of. aqua : water. aquila : eagle. aquilo : the north wind. aquilus : dark colored, swarthy. ara : altar /refuge, protection. aranea : spider's web. arator : plowman, cultivator. aratrum : plow arbitro arbitror : to witness, bear witness / judge, arbitrate. arbor : tree. arbustum : a vineyard planted with trees. arbustus : planted with trees. arca archa : chest, box, money box, coffin, cell. arceo : to shut up, enclose. arcesso, accerso : to bring, fetch, summon, call for. arcus : bow (BOW and arrows), arch, bend, arc. argentum : silver, money. argumentum : proof, evidence. arguo : to show, make clear, attempt to show /censure, reprove arguo : to blame, accuse /prove, expose, convict /declare arista : the point of the ear, the beard on an ear of wheat arma : arms, weapons. armarium : cupboard, chest, safe (for food, clothing, money). armiger : arms-bearer armo : to provide arms, arm, equip, fit out. aro : to plow. ars, artis : skill method, technique, conduct, character. articulus : (of time) a moment, crisis. artificiose : skillfuly. artificiosus : skillful, accomplished, skillfuly made. arto : to press together, reduce, abrdiged. arx : arcis : citadel, stronghold, fortress, keep, donjon. ascia : carpenter's axe, mason's trowel. ascio : to take up, adopt as one's own. ascisco : to receive, admit/ adopt / take up, approve. asper : rough, harsh, severe. asperitas : roughness, severity/ harshness, fierceness. aspernatio : contempt aspicio : to look at, behold, gaze at, see. asporto : to carry off, take away. assentator : flatterer, sycophant, yes-man. asser : a stake, pole. assus : dried, roasted, grilled. assero : 3, claim, defend assimilares : 5 adj, similar assimulo : simulate, immatate, represent assuesco : (-sueui, -suetum) to accustom, to accustom oneself astrum : star, constellation. astus : m, cunning at : (conj.) but. (more emphatic and emotional than sed). atavus : great-great-great grandfather, ancestor. ater atra atrum : dark, gloomy. atqui : (conj.) and yet, still. atrocitas : hashness, cruelty, frightfulness, barbarity, horror. atrox : terrible, cruel, horror. attentus : attentive, careful of one's property attero : to weaken, ruin, rub against, rub away, erode. attero : destroy, waste, weaken, impair. attollo : to raise, lifet up, elevate/ excite, exalt. attonbitus : frantic, inspired, thunder-struck, stunned. auarca : leather sandal worn by pyrenean peasants auctor : author, originator. auctorita : f, authority, power auctoritas : authority auctus : growth, enlargement, increase. audacter, audaciter : boldly, proudly, fearlessly. audax : bold audentia : boldness, courage. audeo : to dare. (part. ausus ) audio : to hear, hearken, listen to. auditor : hearer, listener. aufero : to carry away, remove /steal, carry off, make away with. augeo : to increase, strengthen augeo : increase, enlarge aureus : golden. auris : ear. aurum : gold. austerus : strict, rigid, stern aut...aut : either...or. autem : conj, but, on the other hand, however, moreover autem : moreover, however, but, also. autus : increase, enlargement, growth. auxilium : aid, help, assistance, support. avaritia : avarice, greed. avarus : greedy, avaricious. aveho : to carry away, remove (avexi avectum ) averto : to turn away, avert, avoid. turn back. avoco : to call away, divert. B: baiulus : porter, pall-bearer, carrier of a burden /steward. balaena : whale. balanus : acorn, chestnut, date. balatro : fool, buffoon, jester. balbus : stammering, stuttering, fumbling. balbutio : to stutter, stammer /speak obscurely. balineum balneum : bath, bathhouse, bathing-place. balnearius : pertaining to the bathhouse /bathhouse. balneator : keeper of a bathhouse. balo : to bleat balsamam : balsam tree /balsam gum. barathrum : pit, abyss /the underworld. barba : beard, whiskers. bardus : stupid, slow, dull. basium : kiss. beatus : blessed, fortunate, sometimes "saint". bellicus : martial, military, war-like. bellum : war. bellus : beautiful, pretty, charming, handsome. bene : well (melior : better / optime : best ) beneficium : benefit, favor, service, privilege, right. benevolentia : benevolence, kindness, good will. benigne : kindly, generously. bestia : animal, beast. bibo : to drink, quaff. bis : twice. blandior : to flatter, caress, (+ dat.) coax. blanditia : blandishments, attractions, allurement, charm. bonus : good (melior : better / optimus : best ). bos (bovis ) : cow, ox. bull. brevis : short, small, brief. brevitas : shortness, brevity. breviter : briefly. C: cado : to fall, drop, plummet, topple. caecus : blind, sightless. caedo : to fall, kill caelestis : heavenly, celestial / noun, a god, dweller in heaven. caelum : sky, heaven. caetera : the rest, that remaining calamitas : calamity, misfortune, disaster. calamus : anything made or reed -- pen, arrow, pipe, etc. calcar, -is : spur. calco : to tread, trample upon. calculus : pebble, stone. caligo : to make dizzy calix : a vessel for drinking. callide : skilfully, cleverly / cunningly, slyly, subtly. callidus : clever, dextrous, experienced, skilful / cunning, sly. caltha : marigold calumnior : to accuse falsely. calvus : bald. calx : the heel /stone, pebble /lime /goal, aim. camera : vault, vaulted room /small boat. caminus : a forge, large hearth. campana : bell. campus : level place, field, plain. camur : curved, bent, hooked. canalis : channel, canal /pipe. cancer : crab /the direction south /heat of summer /disease of cancer. candela : taper, candle. candeo : to shine, glow, grow brilliant, sparkle. candidus : bright, shining, white. candide : openly, clearly, candidly. canis : dog. canities : grey hair /old age. canonicus : canonical, according to the canons, legal, lawful, right. canonus : canon, member of a cathedral chapter or canonry, Augustinian. canto : to sing. capillus : hair. capio : to seize, take, choose/ attack, injure/ comprehend. capio : to rent, hire /seize, arrest capistro : to halter, put a halter on a horse. capistrum : halter, harness, mazzle. capitagium : poll tax. capitulus : chapter, chapter meeting, chapter house. capitale : cattle, possessions, chattels. captivas : captivity. capto : to grab, try to get, grab at. capulatio : decapitation. caput : capitis : head /top, summit /chief. caput ieiunius : Ash Wednesday. carbo : carbonis : carbon, coal, charcoal. carcer : prison, cell, jail, dungeon. careo : (+ abl. of sep.) be without, be deprived of, lack, want. caries : rottennes, corruption, decay. cariosus : rotten, decayed. caritas : dearness, affection / charity. carmen : song, poem. carpo : to pluck, seize, grab, lay hold of, hold on to. carus : dear, beloved /costly, high-priced, expensive. casso : to bring to naught, destroy, annul, make void. caste : purely, spotlessly, purely, uprightly, chastely. casus : accident, chance, fortune. casus : downfall casus : a falling /occasion, opportunity /event, accident, violent death catena : chain, fetters. caterva : crowd, troop, flock. catervatim : in troops, in masses. cattus : cat. cauda : the tail of an animal. causa : (in the abl.) on account of, for the sake of. causa : case at law, case, law-suit /situation, condition. causa : cause /reason, motive, pretext /interest. caute : cautim : cautiously, with security. cautela : caution, precaution, security. cautus : [persons] careful, cautious /[things] secure, made safe, protected. caveo : [cavi cautum] beware, avoid, look out for /give security. mortgage. caveo : +acc.= be on guard against /+ut+subj.=take care that. caveo : +dat. of a person= take care of, provide for. cavus : hole, pit. cedo : to go, proceed /turn out, happen/go away, withdraw. cedo : (+ dat.) give ground to, submit to, be inferior to. cedo cessi cessum : to grant, yield. celebratio : large crowd, audience, assembly. celebrer : adj, renowned, well known, popular, famous. celebritas : crowd, multitude /celebration /fame, renown celebrus : abounding in, rich in, much frequented, respected. celer : quick, swift, rapid, speedy, fast. celeritas : speed, swiftness, rapidity, quickness. celeriter : rapidly, quickly, swiftly, speedily. celo : to hide, conceal, keep secret. cella : room, store-room, garret celox : -ocis fast, rapid, swift, fleet. celsus : elevated, lofty /arrogant, proud, haughty. cellarius : adj. relating to a store-room /n. cellarer cena : dinner, meal. cenaculum : garret, attic. ceno : to dine. censeo : censui, censum/ estimate, assess, evaluate /argue, suggest, advise censura : judgement. census : -us/ wealth, property /census centum : one hundred, 100 (undeclinable). cerno : to separate, sift, distinguish /decide, resolve, determine. cernuus : faling headlong. certamen : contest, contention, rivalry of any kind certe : certo : (adv) certainly, assuredly. certo : to contend, settle, dispute, to settle by combat. certus : undoubted, certain, sure, settled, resolved, decided /definite cervus : stag. deer cesso : to leave off, cease /linger, delay cetera : for the rest, otherwise ceteri : the remaining, the rest, the others ceterum : (adv.) otherwise, moreover, but. ceterus : the other, the rest. charisma : carisma : gift, present. chirographum : autograph, person's own handwriting /written charter. cibo : food for animals cibus : food for men and animals. cicuta : hemlock. ciminatio : accusation, calumny, charge. ciminosus : reproachful, slanderous. cinis cineris : ashes, embers. circumvenio : to beset, assail. circumvenio : to come around, surround, cheat, defraud. citatio : summons, call cito : quickly, rapidly, speedily. citara : a harp. citatus : quick, speedy. citatus : summons, citation. cito : to be moved, aroused. citivolus : swiftly flying. civilis : civil, civic. civis : citizen, townsman, bourgeois, burgess. civitas : state, citzenship, city-state. clam : secretly, in secret. clamo : to call, shout, cry aloud, proclaim, declare. clamor : loud shouting, cry. claro : to make bright or clear, make clear in the mind. clarus : clear, bright /renowned, famous, illustrious claudeo : to limp, halt, be lame, to hobble. claudo (clausus) : to confine, shut up, close, blockade, besiege. claudus : lame. claustrum : bolt, bar, prison, den, pen, enclosure/ cloister. clementia : indulgence, forbearance, humanity, mercy, gentleness, etc. clibanus : oven, furnace/ tray for bread making. coacto : to force, compel, coerce. coactu : by force, under compulsion. coactum : force, compulsion, coercement. coadunatio : a gathering together, a summing up, a uniting. coaegresco : to become sick at the same time. coepi : began, started, undertook, initiated (pres. incipio ). coepto : to begin, undertake, coerceo : surround, enclose, restrain, confine. cogito : to think, ruminate, ponder, consider, plan. cognatus : (adj.) related by blood (noun) a relative, kinsman. cognomen : surname, family name, nick-name. cognosco : to examine, inquire, learn. cogo : coegi : coactum : to compel, restrict, confine /force, compel cogo : coegi, coactum : to bring together, drive, draw. cohaereo : to cling to, correspond to cohaero cohero cohesi cohesum : to adhere, stick together cohibeo : confine, restrain, hold back, repress. cohors : a yard, enclosure /troop, 1/10 of a legion. cohortor : to encourage, incite, exhort. colligo : legi, lectum, to collect, gather together, assemble colloco : to place, put, arrange. collum : neck. colo colui cultum : cultivate, cherish color : color. coloratus : colored /dark-complexioned. coloro : to color. coma : hair of the head, leaves, rays of light. combibo : to drink up, suck in. comburo : to burn up, to ruin, consume. comedo comedi comesum : to eat up, consume /waste, squander. comes comitis : companion, friend, comrade /count. cometes : comet cometissa comitissa : countess. comis : courteous, kind, friendly. comitatus : train, retinue, following /war band. comiter : courteously, in a kindly, friendly manner. comito : to accompany comitatus : accompanied. comitto : to entrust, commit. commemoro : to remind, relate, mention/ to keep in mind. commeo : To go up and down, back and forth, in and out. commessatio, onis : eating together. comminor : to threaten. comminuo : to scatter, weaken, damage. comminus : hand to hand, in close combat. commisceo : to intermingle, join, mix. commissum : undertaking, that which is entrusted. commodo : (+ acc.) to furnish, lend, give. commodo : to make fit, adapt, please, oblige, serve. commodum : convenience, advantage, opportunity, comfort. commodum : suitable time, opportunity, convenience, use. commodus : proper, fit, commodius commoneo : to impress upon one. to remind. commoneo : to remember, recollect. commoneo : to remind someone forcibly of somthing. commoror : remain, stay, abide, linger. commoveo : to move violently, disturb, shake /excite, upset. communis : common, general, run of the mill. comparo : to compare. compater : the godfather of a man's child. compatior : to suffer with one, feel pity, have compassion. compello : to drive together, collect, force, compel. comperio : to learn, find out. comperio : to disclose fully, find out with certainty, lay open. comperte : on good authority. compescor : to fasten together, hold in check, restrain, curb compescor : to suppress, repress, check, restrain. competo : to be appropriate, suitable, fit. complectus : embrace, grasp. compleo : to finish. compleo : to fill up, man, bring up to strength, fulfil. complexo : encompass, embrace complico : to fold together compono : to put together, compose. compositio : composition, agreement, pact/ arrangement. compositus : orderly, matching, made up of pieces. comprehendo : to embrace, take firmly, include, seize. comprehendo : to grasp, take together, unite /comprehend. comprehendo : to seize, arrest, take prisoner, catch red-handed. comprobo : to approve fully/ to confirm, prove, establish. compromitto : to agree to refer to arbitration, or an arbitrator. comprovincialis : born in the same province. comptus : a head-dress, a hairband. conatus : exertion, effort / undertaking / impulse, inclination. concavo : to hollow out concedo : to concede, yield, allow, grant, withdraw, give up. concepta : measures, capacity. concero : connect join, twine, join in conflict. concido : to be ruined, fail /cut up, cut down, destroy. concido : to fall down, sink, perish / (wind) subside. concilio : to assemble, bring together /win over, reconcile, unite /cause concilium : council concipio : to take or lay hold of, receive, take in. concisus : cut up, broken, brief, concise. concito : to move violently, stir up, excite, arouse. conculco : to tread under foot, despise, oppress, suppress. concupiscentia : avarice, covetousness. concupisco : to covet, aim at, desire eagerly. concurro : to concur. concutio : to shake together, agitate, alarm, disturb, shatter. condico : to agree, fix, settle, make arrangements. condo : erect, establish, build conduco : hire, employ for wages, among many other meanings. confero : discuss, debate, confer/ betake oneself, devote. confero : to bring together, put together, collect/ confestim : speedily, rapidly, immediately, without delay. confido : have confidence in, be confident of, rely upon. confingo : 3, to fabricate, make up confirmo : to confirm confiteor confessus : to confess, own up, admit, acknowledge. conforto : to strengthen much. confundo : to pour together, mix, blend /confound, confuse, trouble. confusim : in a confused way, fumbling. confusio : mingling, mixture /confounding, confusion, disorder confusus : confused, disorderly /embarassed, troubled, confounded. confuto : to confute /restrain, check, repress. confuto : supress, keep silent /convict. confugo : to flee, have recourse to, take refuge. confuto : to check, repress, stop, halt, turn back /silence congelo : to congeal, harden, freeze. congregatio : assembly, society, union. congrego : to gather together, assemble, convene. congressus : a meeting, association. congrue : adv, suitably congruo : coinside, agree, conform congruus : agreeing, fit, suitable. conicio : to hurl, throw /put together, conjecture. coniecto : to throw together, infer, guess, conclude. conitor : to press upon, to struggle to reach coniuratio : conspiracy, plot. coniuratus : conspirator, plotter. coniuro : to take an oath together, plot, conspire. conor : to undertake, try, venture, presume, attempt, presume. conqueror : to complain loudly. conscendo : to ascend, mount, go up. conscientia : conscience, consciouness, knowledge conscindo : to tear in pieces. conscius : conscious of, aware of. conseco : to dismember, cut into pieces, chop up. consecro : to dedicate, consecrate, sanctify/ to curse/ deify consectatio : striving, pursuit consenesco : to grow old, weak, feeble, infirm consensio : agreement, harmony, cooperation /plot, conspiracy consentio : to agree, consent /plot, conspire consequentia : f, consequential, relating conservo : to preserve, conserve, maintain, keep, hold to. considero : to look at, regard carefully, consido : to set down, settle. consilio : intentionally, on purpose, designedly. consilium : deliberation, consultation, assembly, council. consilium : advice, suggestion, wisdom, plan, purpose, judgment. consimilis : adj, similar consisto : (+ abl. etc.) to be formed of, consist/ stop, stay. consisto : to take one's stand, stand still, stop, be posted. consisto : (+ in) to depend on, rely on. consitor : sower, planter. consolatio : encouragement, amelioration, consolation consonum : adj, n, harmonious conspergo : to sprinkle, bestrew. conspicio : to catch sight of, perceive, behold, understand. constans : steady, firm, unchanging, constant, unwavering. constanter : steadily, firmly. constituo : to arrange, decide, appoint, settle, found, set up. constituo : to set up, place, establish, post, station. constituo : to fix, station, place, cause to stand, set consto : to be established, stand firm, stop, endure. constrictio : to bind together, draw together constringo constrixi constrictum : to bind, confine, restrain. construo construxi constructum : to construct, build, arrange. constupator : ravisher, debaucher. constupro : to ravish, corrupt. consuasor : advisor, counselor. consuefacio : to accustom, acclimate, become used to. consuesco : to accustom, inure, habituate consueta : customary, usual. consuetudo : custom, usage, habit /intimacy, familiar acquaintance. consulatio : deliberation, inquiry, full consideration. consulo : (+ dat.) look to the interests of/consult, ask advice. consulo : to reflect, consider, ponder, reflect. consulo : to look to the interests of, come to a conclusion. consulto : to consider carefully, weigh, ponder. consulto : to ask the advice of, consult. consultum : decree. consummatio : completion, summing up, adding up. consummo : to add together, sum up, make perfect, complete. consumo : to spend, employ, use up, finish, waste away, destroy. consuo consui consutum : to sew together, stitch. consurgo : to stand up, rise up /to arise, break out. contabesco : to waste slowly away, decline in health. contactus : touching, contact /contagion. contages : a touch, contact. contagio contagium : contagion, infection /touching, contact. contamino : to pollute, infect. contego : to cover, shield, protect, defend. contemno : to think meanly of, despise, condemn, hate. contemplatio : survey, contemplation. contemplor : to mark out, regard, consider carefully, survey. contemptim : contemptuously. contemptio : scorn, disdain, contempt. contemptus : despised, despicable, contemptible. contendo : to contend, strive, struggle, hasten. contendo : to assert, maintain /shoot (a missile), cast. contendo : to compare, contrast /compete. contente : eagerly, earnestly. contentus : strained, stretched /eager, zealous. contentus : contented, satisfied contigo : (with dat.), to happen, befall. contineo : hold together, keep together, connect, join. contineo : to touch, reach, grasp, affect, infect. contineo : to hold, to keep togethere, to contian contineo contigi, contectum : border on /befall (good luck). contineo : to keep in, surround, contain, confine, include. contineo: to hold back, restrain. contingo : (contactum) to touch closely, happen to, befall. contingo : to touch /(intransitive) to happen, befall, occur continuo : to join (together), to be after continuo : (adv.) immediately, at once. continuus : connected together, continuous, uninterrupted. contra : (+ acc.) against. contradictio : a speaking against, contradiction. contradico : to speak against, oppose verbally, gainsay contradictio : contradiction, opposition. contrado : to deliver together, or wholly. contraho : to gather together, assemble, draw up, unite contraho : to conclude (an agreement)/ to reduce, contract, constrict contrarius : contrary, opposed contrecto : to touch, handle, feel contremisco : to tremble, shake, quake /be afraid of contremo : to tremble, shake contristo : to make sad or gloomy contristo : to sadden, afflict, damage (of crops). conturbo : to confuse, scatter, throw into confusion, distress. conventus : coming tohether, assembly, union, congress. conversatio : way, manner of life /monastic life. converto : to turn around, cause to turn /to adopt the monastic life. converto : to convert convinco : to overcome, to demonstrate convoco : to call together, convene. copia : abundamce, supply. copiae copie : supplies, troops, forces. copiose : fully, at length, copiously. copiosus : wealthy, rich, abundantly provided, well-equipped. Corbeiam : Corbie. cornu : horn. corona : crown, diadem. corpus corporis : body, corpse. correptius : more shortly. corrigo : (correctum) to make correct, make right. corripio : to seize, snatch up, steal, (of a disease) attack corroboro : to strengthen. corrumpo : (documents) to falsify / (character) to corrupt. corrumpo : to break up, destroy, annihilate /spoil, weaken. corruo : to fall to the ground, sink down /be ruined, destroyed. Corturiacum : Courtrai. coruscus : (a) flashing, twinkling, shaking, trembling. cotidie : daily, every day. Courtacum : Courtrai. crapula : wine : intoxication, drunkenness. crapula : wine-drinking, intoxication, drunkenness. cras : (adv.) tomorrow, on the morrow. crastinus : of the morrow, the morrow. creator : creator, founder. creatura : creature, servant. creber : thick, frequent, numerous. crebro : repeatedly, often, one after the other, time after time. credo : to believe /trust, commit / trust in, rely on/ think. creo : to create, make crepido : (-inis) foundation, base / pedestal / pier, quay / dam crepitaculum : a rattle crepito : (-are) to rattle, creak, rustle creptio : taking by force, seizure. crepundia : a toy, rattle, plaything crepusculum : dusk, twilight. cresco : (cretum) to grow, increase, expand / spring forth, arise creta : chalk, fuller's earth cretatus : chalked, in white cretosus : abounding in chalk cribro : to sift. cribrum : sieve. crimen : an accusation, charge / fault, guilt, crime / cause of a crime criminatio : accusation, charge, calumny criminator : accuser criminor : to accuse / complain of criminose : reproachfully criminosus : slanderous, reproachful crinis : hair. crinitus : long haired crispans : wavy, curly crispo : (-are) to curl / move rapidly / brandish, wave crispus : curly-haired, curly / trembling, quivering, shaking crista : crest, plume / rooster's comb cristatus : crested, plumed croceus : yellow, golden, saffron-colored, of saffron crocinus : yellow, saffron-colored / saffron oil crocodilus : crocodile crocotula : saffron-colored robe crocus : crocus, saffron / yellow, saffron-colored crotalia : ear-rings cruciamentum : torture, torment cruciatus : torture, torment crucio : to torture, torment crudelis : cruel crudelitas : cruelty, inhumanity crudeliter : cruely crudesco : to become violent, become hard cruditas : an overly full stomach crudus : green, fresh, immature, untimely / undigested / harsh crudus : bleeding / raw, uncooked / unripe / unprepared food cruento : to make bloody, stain with blood. cruentus : bloody, bloodthirsty, blood-red crumens : bag, purse / funds, store of cash cruor : cruoris : bloodshed, murder, slaughter, gore crur, cruris : leg, shank, shin, also foot crusta : rind, peel, bark, shell / inlay, embossing crustulum : pastery, cookie crustum : bread, cake crux crucis : cross crypta : vault, grotto, covered gallery crystallinus : of crystal crystalus : crystallus : a crystal, crystal drinking cup cubans : sloping cubicularis : pertaining to a bedroom cubicularius : bed-chamber servant, chamberlain. cubiculum : bedroom, sleeping chamber. cubile : bed, (marriage bed) / lair, den, nest / hive of bees / seat cubitalis : a cubit long cubito : to lie down often cubitum : the elbow /a cubit cubitum ire : to go to bed, retire cubitus : cubitus : a lying down, rest cubo : to lie down, recline / be ill in bed cui : (fem. sing. dat.) IN WHICH (province) did you live? cui : (masc. sing. dat.) TO WHOM did you give it? cui : (neut. sing. dat.) (the monster), TO WHOM the cattle belonged. cuius : (fem. sing. gen.) (the queen), the vices OF WHOM were many. cuius : (masc. sing. gen.) (the saint) WHOSE virtues were many. cuius : (neut. sing. gen) (the building) the size OF WHICH was great. cuiusmodi : of what kind. culpa : fault, blame, (esp. aginst chastity). culpo : to blam, censure, accuse. cultellus : a little knife. cultor : cultivator, planter /with gen.= resident, inhabitant. cultura : cultivation cum : (prep + abl.) with. cum : (with subjunctive) when, as, while, since, although. cum : (with indicative) when. cunabula : cradle. cunae : nest for young birds. cunctatio : delay. cunctator : delayer, procrastinator, cunctor : to delay, impede, hold up. cunctus : all, all collectively, the whole. cupiditas : ambition, avarice, party spirit, eager desire. cupido : passion, desire, wantining, yearning, longing. cupio : to desire, wish, long for, desire. cuppedia : delicacies, candies, sweetmeats. cupressus : cypress, cyrpess wood, a cypress-wood casket. cur : why, wherefore. cura : management, administration, care, concern, charge. curatio : attention /medical attention, healing, curing. curator : guardian, overseer curia : court curiositas : curiosity, inquisitiveness, nosiness. curiosus : careful, attentive/ curious, inquisitive/ worn out by cares. curis quris : a spear. curo : (+gerundive) to see to a thing being done / cure, rest. curo : to care for, trouble about, pay attention to. curo : manage, administer /provide money. curriculum : a running, race, lap around the track, course. currus : cart /a plow with wheels. cursim : hastily, quickly, rapidly. cursito : to run up and down. curso : to run back and forth. cursor : runner, carrier, messenger. cursus : a race, a running, race course, race track, course. curto : to shorten, abbreviate. Curtracus : Courtrai. curtus : shortened /mutilated, defective /gelded. curvo : to bend, arch, curve /influence. curvus : arched, bent, bowed, curved, crooked, wrong (morally crooked). cuspis : point, the pointed end /spear, javelin /cooking spit. custodia : protection, custody. custodiae custodie : guards, wardens. custos : (custodis) guardian, keeper, watchman, attendant,, guard /spy. D: damnatio : condemnation. damno : to condemn, damn. damnum : loss, damage, injury /a fine: dapifer : senescal. de : (prep. + abl.) down from, from, concerning, about. debello : cnquer, vanquish /end a war debeo : to owe, to be morally bound to, to be bound by. debilito : to weaken, ennervate, sap, exhaust. debitum : debt decens, decenter : properly, fittingly, suitably decentia : propriety, decency of behavior decerno : to decide, determine, settle / to decide to do something decerpo : to pluck off / to gather, take away decertatio : a contest, contention decerto : to contend, fight to the finish decessio : a retreat, withdrawal / departure, leaving / decrease, diminution decessor : someone who retires / a predecessor decessus : retirement / withdrawal / departure / death decet : it is seemly, comely, suitable, proper decido : (-cisi -cisum) to cut down, cut off / arrange, settle decido : to fall down / fall dead, die / sink, fall decimus : tenth decipio : (deceptus) ensnare, trap, beguile, deceive, cheat. declamatio : loud or violent speech / declamation / practice in oratory declamo : to declaim, orate / speak loudly declaratio : a clarification declaro : to explain, explain, reveal / to proclaim (a person as chosen) declinatio : a turning aside / declining / avoiding / inflection, declension declino : to turn aside, deflect, turn away / avoid / deviate, swerve/ digress declive : (-is) a slope, decline decoctor : a spendthrift, bankrupt, a fool parted from his money decollo : (-are) to behead decolo : (-are) to trickle away decolor : (adj.) pale, without color decoloratio : discoloration decoquo : (-ere, -coxi, -coctum) to waste / become bankrupt decoquo : (-ere, -coxi, -coctum) to boil down, boil away / (metals) melt away decor : beauty, grace decoro : beautify, embellish, adorn. decorus : beautiful, graceful, charming, proper, fit, becoming decrepitus : infirm, decrepit decresco : to decrease, grow smaller decretum : decree, judgment, edict, order decumbo : to fall, fall into, lie down decurro : to sail downstream decurro : to run down / manoeuver / run in a race / take refuge decursio : (milit.) a charge, manoeuver decursus : a running down / charge, manoeuver, attack / completion of a course dedecor : unseemly, shameful, disgraceful, dishonorable. dedecus : shame, dishonor, disgrace, crime, dishonorable act. dedico : to dedicate. deduco : to lad out colonists, found a colony. defaeco : to cleanse, purify, purge. defendo : to defend, ward off, protect, shelter. defero : to hand over, carry down, communicate, offer, refer. defero : to carry, to bear, to bring defessus : weary, tired. defetiscor (defessus) : to grow tired, weary., deficio : (defectum) to fail, to weaken, to be in want. deficio : weaken, to be in want. defigo : fasten down, secure, fix firmly/ concentrate, fix upon. defleo : to bewail, weep for. defluo : to flow away, disappear, be lost. defluo : to flow down, waste, disappear. defungo : to discharge one's duties, quit, retire, die, finish degenero : to be unlike one's kind, fall off, degenerate. degenero : to cause to degenerate, disgrace by degeneracy. degero : to pass time, live. degusto : to taste. deinde : adv, afterwards deinde : next, then, thereafter, from that place. delectatio : delight, pleasure, enjoyment. delecto : to attract, delight/ (pass + abl) take delight in. delego : to transfer, commit, assign, impute, attribute, ascribe. deleo : (deletum ) to destroy, wipe out, erase. deleo : blot out, erase /annihilate, destroy. delibero : to consider, deliberate. delicate : luxuriously, delicately, slowly. deliciae : allurements, charms, delights, fancies / sweetheart delinquo : to fail, be wanting/ fail in duty, commit a crime. deludo : to mock, cheat. demens : (dementis ) insane, mad, out of one's mind, foolish. demergo : to sink, plunge into, dip under, go into debt. demitto : to let down, lower demitto : set dowwn, let fall (to offer payment to the church). demo : to take away, subtract. demonstro : to indicate, show, describe, explain. demoror : to loiter, linger, tarry, belay. demulceo : to stroke down, caress by stroking. demum : at length at las, finally. denego : to refuse, deny, reject. denique : at last, finally, again, in short. dens : (dentis ) tooth. denuncio : declare, give notice, announce. denuntio : to announce officially, pronounce, declare. denuo : anew, again, a second time, afresh. deorsum : downwards. depereo : to perish, be utterly ruined. depono : to put down, lay aside. depopulo : depopulor : to lay waste, ravage, devastate. deporto : to carry off, to take away. deposco depoposci : to demand. depraedor depredor : to plunder, lay waste, pillage, ravage. deprecator : intercessor, one who pleads on behalf. deprecor : to entreat for, beg for /intercede /curse. deprecor : to beg by entreaty, to excuse oneself / curse. deprehensio : detection. deprimo (depressus) : to press down, depress, low-lying. depromo : to take down, produce, fetch out. depulso : push aside, thrust away. deputo : to count, estimate/prune, cut off. derelinquo : to forsake, desert, abandon. derideo : to laugh at, mock, deride. derigo : [-rexi, -rectum] to set straight, put in order. deripio : to tear down, snatch away. deruptus : broken off. desero : to leave, abandon, foresake. desiderium : wish, longing /regret, grief /want, need. desidero : to long for, wish for greatly, to miss. desidiosus : lazy, unmotivated. designo : designate, define, describe, mark out designo : to define, describe, designate desino (desiit) : to leave off, give over, cease, stop, desist. desino : leave off, give over, cease, stop, end, desist. desipio : to act foolishly, play the fool, make an ass of one's self. desolo : to leave desolate, abandoned, to forsake. desparatus : given up on / desparate. despecto : overlook, dispise, look down upon. despero : to be without hope, despair / despair of, give up. despero : to have no hope, despair, give up. despiciens : contemptuous. despicio : to look down, regard from above, despise. desposco : to demand. destinatus : resolute, firm, determined, with one's mind made up. destino : to fasten down, make fast, fix /determine settle /appoint destituo : to place /leave in the lurch, abandon, desum : defui : deesse : to fail, err, fall short, be missing, absent. desumo : to select, elect, choose, take out. desuper : from above. detego : detectum : to uncover, lay bare, disclose. determino : to fix the limits of, set boundaries to, delimit. detineo : hold off, hold back, detain. detrimentum : damage, loss, detriment. deus : god. devenio : to come to, arrive at, reach. devito : to avoid. devoco : to call away, call down, call aside. devotio : (Christian) piety, devotion, zeal. devoveo : to consecrate, sacrifice, devote /curse, execrate. dexter : right, on the right. dextera : the right hand. diabolus : devil, Satan. dico : (dictum ) to say, tell, speak, name, call, pronounce. dictata : things dictated, lessons, presents. dictator : dictator. dictito : to say often, reiterate. dicto : to say often, dictate, get written down. dictus dictus : a saying, a speech didicerat : (?) Herimann, p. 281. didico : to be told (Herimann cap. 39, 44). dido dididi didtum : to separate, divide, distribute. dies diei : day diffama :tus : spread around, made known. differo : to spread news / delay, defer, postpone. differo : to spread about, spread news / harrass, disturb. differo : to delay, postpone / to differ, be different. differtus : stuffed full, crammed, jammed. difficilis : difficult, hard, troublesome. difficultas : difficulty, need, trouble, distress. digestor : arranger, composer, one who makes a pattern. dignitas : merit, worth, prestige, dignity. dignosco dignosco : to distinguish, recognize as different. dignus : worthy dignus : (+ abl.) worthy, worthy of, meritorious. digredior digredi digressus : to depart, deviate, digress. digressio : separation, departure, digression. digressus : separation, departure, digression. dilabor, to break up, scatter, dissolve, slip away, fall apart. dilato : to spread out, extend, expand, increase. dilgenter : attentively, earnestly, carefully, diligently. diligens : diligent, careful. diligentia : diligence, industry, perseverance, persistence. diligo : to choose out, esteem highly, prize, love. diluculo : dawn, daybreak. diluo : (of troubles) to remove, resolve. dimidium : half. dimitto : to break up, dismiss, leave, abandon, leave behind. directus : plain, simple, direct, open, straightforward. diripio : to separate, tear apart /pillage, devastate, lay waste. diripio : to diripio : to tear in pieces, lay waste, devastate, plunder. dirunitas : long duration. diruo : to demolish, destroy, ruin. diruo : to destroy dis : rich, possessing wealth or worth. discedo : (discessum ) to break up, depart, go away, pass away. discedo : to depart from, deviate, leave discerpo : to dismember, disjoint, sever /divide, break up. discessio : f, management, ordering, direction discidium : separation, division, disagreement, tearing apart. discipulus : disciple, student, learner, pupil. disco : to learn, become acquainted with. discrepo : to differ, to be diifferent, vary, disagree. dispono : to arrange, put in order, draw up (troops). disputatio : debate, dispute, discussion. disputo : discuss. dissero : to examine, treat of, discuss. dissimilis : unlike, different, disparate, dissimilar, distinct. dissimulo : to conceal, disguise, keep secret. dissimulo : to ignore, leave unnoticed. dissolutus : lax, weak, wanting in energy, dissolute, profligate. distinguo : to distraho : (associations) to break up, dissolve. distraho : (persons) estrange, distract /(property) sell up, alienate. distraho distraxi distractum : to pull apart, pull in pieces. distribuo : to distribute, divide. districtus (f. distringo) : strict, severe /hesitating /busy. distulo ; (past) to delay [MGHss 25 : 268]. dito : to enrich, make wealthy. dito : to enrich, endow, make wealthy diu : adv. a long while, long time, for a long time. diu : by day, for a long time, a long time ago. diutinus : lasting a long time, enduring, long-lived. diutius : longer, too long (a period of time). diuturnus : lasting a long time, of long duration. diversus : different, unlike, opposed, hostile. dives : rich, opulent, wealthy. divinatio : prediction, divination divinitus : divine influence, admirably, nobly, by inspiration. divinus : divine, sacred. divitiae divitie : riches, wealth. do dare dedi datum : to give, offer, convey, offer, donate, furnish. doceo docui doctum : to instruct, teach, tutor. doctor : teacher. doctrina : doctrine, teaching, instruction, learning. doctus : taught, instructed, learned, tutored. dolens : painfully. doleo : to suffer pain, to be pained, grieve. dolor : pain, grief. misery, pain, suffering. dolose : slyly, deceitfuly. dolosus : crafty, cunning, sly, deceitful. dolus : fraud, deceit, guile, treachery, a trap. domesticus : domestic, civil. domina domna: lady, mistress. dominatus : rule, mastery, tyranny, domination. dominica : demesne. dominus domno : master, lord. domito : to tame, subdue, break in. domus : house, home, residence. donec : up to the time when, until, as long as, while. donum : gift, present, donation. dormio : to sleep, slumber, siesta, nap. dubito : to doubt, hesitate. dubium : doubt, hesitation, reservation. duco : to lead, draw, esteem, consider. duco : to charm, influence, mislead, draw in. duco : to draw, shape, construct/ (time) spend, delay. duco : to calculate, count, reckon, esteem, considered. duco : to lead on the march, marry a wife, command. dudum : for a long while, a long while ago, some time ago dulcedo : sweetness, pleasantness, charm. dulcidine : sweetly, pleasantly, charmingly. dulcis : sweet, pleasant, agreeable. dulcitudo dulcitudinis dum : while, as long as, until. dummodo : (conj. + subj.) provided dumtaxat : at least, not less than / at most, not more than. duo : two duro: to harden, last, endure. durus : hard, harsh, tough, strong,enduring, / rough, rude, uncouth. Dusiol petram : Duissenpierre. dux ducis : leader, guide, commander, general, duke. E: eatenus : so far, thus far, up to then. ebullio : to boil up, bubble up, to appear, produce in abundance. ecce : Lo! Behold! See! ecclesia : church. econtra : the same as contra: against, opposite, etc. ecquando : at any time? ever? edico : to announce, declare. editio : the publishing of a book, an announcement. edo : put forth, give out. edo edi essum : to eat, consume, devour, waste. edoceo : to inform fully, instruct thoroughly. educo : to draw out, lead out, march out/bring up, rear/ issue. edulis : edible. eduro : to last endure, persist. edurus : hard. effector : effectrix : producer, someone who causes something. effectus : doing, execution, performance, effect, result. effercio : to cram, stuff, fill. effertus : stuffed, jammed, crammed. effero : extuli : elatum : to carry out, bury, lift up, exalt. effervo : to boil up, swarm out (like bees). efferus : savage, wild, untamed, undomesticated. efficax : effective, efficient. efficaciter : effectively, efficiently. efficens : efficient, effective. efficenter : efficiently, effectively, powerfully. efficio : to do, produce, effect, make/ bring about, cause /prove. effigies : effigia : effigy, idol, likeness /ghost, appartition /ideal efflagito : to plead urgently. effligo : efflixi : efflectum : to wipe out, obliterate, destroy. efflo : to breathe out, blow out. effloresco : to blossom, bloom, break out. effluo : to vanish /be forgotten /pour out, leak, seep /become known. effluvium : an outlet /seepage. effodio : to dig out, excavate /to gut effor : to speak, express /state /declare. effreno : to let go without reins. effrenus : wild, unrestrained, unchecked, unbridled. effringo : effregi : effractum : to break, break open. effugio : effugi : effugiturus : flee from, escape, elude, run away. effundo : to pour out, pour forth, shed, utter. effusio : a pouring form, effusion, /exhilaration, upwelling of emotion. effutio : to gab, chatter. egelidus : thawed, lukewarm, tepid. egenus : in want of, in need of, destitute. egeo : to need, lack, want, be without. ego : I, self. effingo : to form, fashion, make /duplicate, copy. egredior : egressus : to go out, leave, depart, exit. eicio : eiectum : to throw out, eject, drive out. elatus : puff-up, proud of oneself, arrogant. electus : chosen, select. elementum : first principle, element, basic constituent. elemosina : alms elemosinarius : almoner, person in charge of providing charity. eligo : to pick out, select, choose. eloquens : eloquent, persuasive, fluent. eloquentia : eloquence, readiness of speech, fluency, persuasiveness. eloquor : to speak out, express oneself, declare, speak eloquently. eluo : to wash out, rinse cleanse /squander, waste. eluvies : a flowing over, flood, innundation. eluvio : inundation. emanio : to flow out, spread /arise, emanate, originate. emendo : to amend, correct emercor : to buy up. emergo : emersi : emersum : to arise, come up, rise up, occur. emerio : to obtain by service, earn completely, deserve well. emineo : to stand out, project, be remarkable, conspicuous. eminor : to threaten, menace. eminus : at a distance, from a distance. emiror : to wonder at exceedingly. emo emi emptum : to buy, purchase. emoveo : to move away, remove, take away. emptio : a buying, a purchase. enim : for, in fact, truly (may often be omitted) enim : in fact, truly, indeed enumero : to count, count up, enumerate. eo ire itum : to go, advance, proceed, travel, move along, progress. episcopalis : episcopal episcopus : bishop epistola : letter, epistle, missive, message. epistula : letter, epistle, missive, message epitaphium : funeral oration epithalamium : wedding song epitoma : abridgement, summary epitome : abridgement, summary epops : epopis : the hoopoe (a bird) epos : epic poem epotus : drunk up, drained / swallowed up eptheca : an addition epulae : epularum : a banquet, feast / food / dishes, courses of a meal epulo : sumptuous food, banquet, feast. epulor : to feast, feast on epulor : to feast, banquet, dine epulum : a banquet, feast equa : a mare eques equitis : horseman, cavalry man rider (classical). equester : (-stris, stre) equestrian, relating to cavalry equidem : (adv) indeed, truly, for my part. equinus : equine, relating to horses equitatus : cavalry, horsemen (classical) equito : (-are) to ride on horseback equus : horse, steed, mount era : mistress, lady eradico : to root out, destroy, obliterate, get rid of erado : erasi : erasum : (-ere) to scratch out, erase / destroy erectus : upright, standing / resolute / proud / alert / anxious /cheerful erepo : to creep out, creep over, creep up. ereptio : seizure, taking by force, confiscation ereptor : thief, robber erga : (+ acc.) toward, about ergastulum : a workhouse for slaves ergo : (adv.) accordingly, then, therefore ergo : (gen. +) on account of, because of ericius : (mil.) hedgehog, chevaux de frise erigo ; erexi : erectum : to erect, raise, set up / arouse, encourage, incite erilis : relating to a master or mistress eripio : eripui : ereptum : to snatch away, take away / rescue, free erogatio : payment, expenditure erogo : to ask for / to pay out, expend, disburse errabundus : wandering erratio : a wandering, straying erratum : fault, error, mistake erratus : wandering, straying erro : to wander, stray, rove / be mistaken, err, go astray. error : erroris : error, mistake, going astray / uncertainty / deception erubesco : (+ inf.) to blush to, (+acc.) blush for, respect erubescundus : something to be ashamed of, worth blushing over eruca : a colewort (plant) eructo : (-are) to vomit, throw up /to cast out, throw out, eject / belch erudio : to polish, smooth / instruct, teach, educate. eruditio : instruction, teaching / knowledge, learning erumpo : erumpi : eruptum : (-ere) to break out, burst forth / (milit.) attack erumpo : erumpi : eruptum : (-ere) to break open, vent, discharge, erupt eruo : to dig up, pull out / raze, demolish eruptio : an eruption, bursting forth / sally, attack, assault erus : master, owner, lord ervum : a bitter weed, vetch esca : food / bait escendo : -scensi, scensum : to ascend, go up, climb, to go inland escensio : a movement inland / milit. marching inland esculentus : succulent, delicious, ripe esito : (-are) to continue eating essedarius : one who fight from a chariot esurio : to be hungry, to hunger / long for, desire, yearn esuritio : hunger et ... et : both ... and. etenim : for indeed ethologus : a mimic etiam : (asking a question) : actually? really? in truth? etiam : (answering a question) yes, certainly etiam : (+ comparative) still [etiam maior = still greater, yet greater etiam atque etiam : again and again etiam : as yet, still / even, also, besides etiamnun : etiamnunc : yet, still, until now etiamsi : even if, although etiamtum : etiamtunc : even then / until then etsi : (acsi) even if, although, nothwithstanding eu : euge : eugepae: good! well done! good job! eunuchus : eunuch evado : (-ere, -vasi, -vasum) to go out, set out / get off / escape / result evagor : to wander out, stray off evalesco : (evalui) to grow strong / become fashionable / prevail / be able evanesco : (evanui) to vanish, disappear / pass away evangelium : the gospel evanidus : vanishing, disappearing / passing away evasto : (-are) to lay waste, devastate eveho : (-vexi, vectum) to carry out (+ relexive) sail away, ride away evello : (-ere, velli, vulsum) to happen, occur, come about, befall evello : (-ere, velli, vulsum) to tear out, pluck out / turn out, result evenio : to come to pass, happen, befall. eventus : eventum : consequence, issue, result, occurrence, experience everbero : to strike violently, to hit hard everriculum : a fishing net, seine / a clean sweep everro : (-verri, -versus) to sweep out, plunder, pillage eversio : an overturning, destruction, ruin eversor : a destroyer everto : (vertin, -versum) to destroy, ruin, demolish, raise, overthrow everto : (vertin, -versum) to turn out, throw out, eject / dislodge, overturn evestigatus : found out, discovered. tracked down evidens : clear, distinct, plain, visible, evident. evidenter : clearly, distinctly, plainly. evigilo : to awaken /be alert, be watchful /[trans.] work hard at. evincio : [vinxi, victum] to tie up, bind. evinco: to conquer, subjugate, enthrall, defeat. eviscero : to disembowel. evito : to shuun, avoid; also, to kill evoco : to draw out, draw on, produce, recall to the colors. evolo : to flee, escape, fly away, rush out. evolutio : unrolling and reading of a scroll, reading of a book. evolvo : evolvi : evolutum : to untangle, extricate, detach, disclose, explain. evomo : to vomit forth. evulgo : to publish. ex : (= e ) (prep. + abl.) out of, from within, from / on account of. exaequo exequo : to be like, equal/ make level or even, relate. exaresco : to become dry, arid exaro : to plow up, dig up /write on a wax tablet. exaudio : to listen to, hear plainly, hear favorably excedo : (trans.) to exceed, leave, pass beyond. excellentia : excellence, merit, worth. excessum : departure, death, digression. excipio : (excepi exceptum ) to take out, except /take, capture. excito : call forth, bring about, wake, raise up. exclamo : to shout, cry aloud, exclaim, call someone by name. excludo : to shut out, exclude. excolo : to honor (a deity), polish, adorn, refine, serve. excorio : to shave /scalp, flay /oppress /peel excrucio : to torment, torture, cause great pain. excusatio : excuse. excuso : to exempt from blame, excuse, make excuses, plead. executio : to seize, recover. executor : adminstrator, executive officer. exemplar : model, pattern, original, prototype, book to copy. exemplum : pattern, model, example . exempoator : m, model, example exerceo : to train, cultivate, keep at work, exercise, practice. exercitus : army. exertus : tested, tried, approved, experienced. exesto : extra esto. exheredo : to disinherit. exheres : disinherited. exhibeo exibeo : to produce, show, display, offer, allow, cause. exhilaro : to make cheerful. exhorresco : to be horrified, to shake, shudder /dread, tremble at. exigo : complete, finish, determine, decide, settle. exigo : drive out, force out, exact, demand, sell. exilis : thin, slender, meager. eximietate : uncommonness, excellence. eximius : extraordinary, excellent, fine, superb. eximo : to free, release, take out, remove, waste. exinde : thence, next/ thereupon, after that, then/accordingly. exinde : thence, furthermore exitiabilis exitialis exitosus : fatal deadly, destructive, lethal. exitium : destruction, ruin. exitus : going out, going forth, exit, end, finish. exordium : the beginning (especially of a speech). exorior : to rise, spring up, issue, appear, come forward. exoro : to prevail upon a person, entreat successfully. exorno : to furnish, provide, supply. exorsus : begun. exosus : loathing, fiercely hating, despising. expalpo : to lure out, coax out. expedio : to release, set free, clear /explain, clarify, set straight. expedio : to free from a snare, disentangle /ready, settled, arranged. expedite : freely, easily. expeditione : military operation, military force, expedition. expeditus : unimpeded, unchecked /(mil.) light-armed expello (expuli expulsum ) : to drive out, expel, force out, banish. experior (experiri, expertus ) : to try, test, experience, prove. expers : wanting, destitute of, not sharing in. expetens : desirous, eager. expeto : to demand, require / desire, strive after, make for. expeto : to fall upon. expilatio : plundering, taking booty. expiscor : to fish out, find out, discover. expleo : to make losses good/ fulfil, discharge (duties). expleo explevi expletum : to fill, fill up, complete, finish. expletio : satifying. expletus : (part.) perfect, complete. explicatus: explanation, exposition. explico : to unfold, unroll, disentangle / explain, expound. expono (exposui expositum ) : to set forth, explain, expose. expositus : open, accessible, exposed. expostulo : to demand earnestly / to make a claim. expugno : to capture, overcome, subdue, take by storm, gain. exquisitus : sought after, exquisite,excellent, fine, delicate. exsequor : to execute, avenge, punish /relate, describe, explain. exsequor exequor : to follow to the grave, follow to the end. exsequor : to maintain, keep up, carry out, fulfill, accomplish. exsertus exertus : project, thrust forward. exsilium : exile, banishment. exsisto existo : to stand forth, arise, appear. exsisto : to emerge, appear, exist, be exspecto : to look for, expect, await, wait for. exstinguo, exstingui, exstinctum : to extinguish, put out. exsto : to stand out, be extant, appear, project, show itself. extermino : exussum, burn down, burn, set on fire. externus : outer, foreign, outside, external. extollo : to lift up, raise up, erect /elevate, exalt. extollo : to praise exaggerate /decorate, adorn. extorqueo : to twist, wrench, dislocate /extort by force. extra : (prep. + acc.) beyond, outside. extraho extraxi extractum : drag out, extract, remove/ extraho : prolong, protract/ bring forward. extraneus : outside, exraneous/ foreign, strange/ a foreigner, stranger. extrarius : outward, external/ strange, unrelated, foreign. extremitas : end, farthest part. extremus : outermost, last, extreme. extrico : disentangle, free, extricate, clear up, unravel. extrinsecus : outwardly, externally, from the outside. extundo : to form by beating with a hammer, invent, devise. extundo : drive away, repel violently, extort. exturbo : to drive away, thrust out. exubero : to grow thickly, abound. exulcero : to aggravate, exacerbate, irritate, make worse, embitter. exulto : to exult, be joyful. exululo : to howl loudly exundo : to overflow, abound, exuo : to lay aside, put away, store/strip, deprive. exuro, exussum : burn down, burn, set on fire. exustio : burning up, conflagration. exuviae : (anything taken off) dress, clothing/ spoils, booty/ hides pelt. F: faba : broad bean, faber : skilled, ingenious. faber : craftsman, artisan. fabre : skillfully, ingeniously. fabrica : manufacture /craft, trade, art /trick, device fabula : fable, story, tale, play. facesso : to work zealously, do, accomplish. facies : face, visage, countenance /aspect, appearance, look, condition. facile : easily. facile : easily, without difficulty facilis : easy, agreeable, affable, pleasant. facillimus : easiest, most agreeable, pleasantest facina -oris : bad deed, crime, villainy/ deed, action. facinarose : viciously, scandalously. facio : (trans.) to make, do, act, perform, cause, bring about. facio : to sacrifice, suit, help, be of service. facio : to give permission/ to experience, suffer (troubles). facis : a bundle, packet. facticius : artificial, man-made. factum : deed, accomplishment, work, act, achievement. facultas : feasibility, opportunity, resources.\, abundance. facultas : power, means, opportunity, capacity, ability, stock. facunde : eloquently, fluently. facundia : fertile, productive, profitable. facunditas : fertility, qickness or readiness of speech. facundus : eloquent, fluent, ready of speech. faenum : fenum : hay. falsus : false, deceptive. fama : talk, report, rumor, gossip, tradition. familia : family, household. familiaris : belonging to a household / friendly, intimate. familiaritas : confidential friendship, intimacy. famosus : much spoken of, renowned /notorious, infamous /libellous famulatus : servitude, slavery, service /an extablishment of slaves. famulor : to be a servant, to serve. famulus : servant. famulus : serving, servile /a servant, slave. fanaticus : enthusiastic, inspired, frenzied. fanum : a temple or church with the land around it, a holy place. far farris : spelt, grain, meal. farci, farci, fartum : to fill up, stuff. farina : meal or flour. farrago : mixed fodder for cattle, mash /mishmash, medley, mixture. farratus : provided with grain. fartim : stuffing, filling. fartor : one who fattens fowls. fas : divine law or command/ fate, destiny/ lawful, allowed. fas est :: it is right, it is fitting, it is lawful. fascia : bandage, band, girdle, girth. fascino : to bewitch, envy. fastidio : to dislike, have an aversion to, loathe. fastidiosus : squeamish, dainty, fastidious. fastidium : disgust, dislike, sqeamishness /scorn, disdain, haughtiness. fastidium : aversion, loathing fastigate : slantingly. fastigatus : pointed down, sloping down. fastosus : pride, haughtiness fateor : to confess, admit, allow, reveal, make known. fatigo : worry, fatigue, vex, harass, tease. fatua : foolish fatum : fate, destiny, doom, lot, weird. fautor : favorer, promoter, patron, partisan, supporter. faveo : (+ inf.) To be inclined to do. faveo : (+ dat.) be favorable to, aid, support, help. feculentia : dregs, lees, impurities, filth. feculentia : dregs, lees, impurities, filth. fefello : to be failed by, disappointed by something. feliciter : happily. felix felicis : lucky, fortunate, happy. femina : woman fenestra : window. fere : almost, near;y, not quite, generally. feretrum : bier, litter. feritas : wildness, savageness. ferme, fere : almost, about. fero tuli latum : to carry, bring, tell, relate, and much else. ferocia : high spirit, courage /arrogance, ferocity. ferocitas : courage, untamed spirit /arogance. ferociter : with spirit, courageously /arrogantly, forciously. ferox : spirited, courageous, warlike /wild, arrogant, unbridled. ferramenta : tools made of iron, or shod with iron. ferrarius : of iron /a blacksmith /iron mines. ferratilis : in chains (slaves and prisoners). ferratus : a soldier in armor /in chains (as a slave) /furnished with iron. ferreus : made of iron /hard, unfeeliing, cruel, unbending. ferrugineus : rust colored, dusky. ferrugo : the color of rust. ferrum : iron, sword. fertilis : fruitful, fertile, productive fertilitas : fertility, fruitfulness. ferula : the herb fennel /a rad to beat children with. ferus : fierce, wild, savage, untamed. fervefacio : to heat, boil, melt. fervens : glowing, hot, heated /(character) heated, fiery. ferventer : hotly, warmly. ferveo : to be boiling hot, boil, seethe, glow/be excited by passion, rage. fervesco : to become hot, begin to glow or boil. fervidus : boiling, seething, foaming /fiery, passionate, excited. festinatio : speed, haste. festino : to hasten, hurry, speed. festinus : hastening, hasty. feteo : to have a bad odor, stink. ficus : fig tree. fidelis : faithful, loyal, true fidelitas : fidelity, loyalty, homage. fidens : confident, without fear, courageous. fides : promise, assurance, word of honor, engagement. fides : trust, confidence, reliance, belief, faith. fiducia : confidence, trust, assurance. fiendo : f.p.p, same as faciendo, the making, it will be made filia : daughter filius : son fimus : dung, dirt, filth, manure. fines finium : boundaries, limits, /territory. fingo-finxi-fictum : to touch, conceive, contrive finis : end, limit, boundary, purpose. finitimus finitumus : neighboring, adjacent, related to, similar. fio, fieri, factus : be made, be done, become. firmo : to assert, maintain/ strengthen, make firm / encourage. firmus : firm, strong, reliable, solid. flamma : flame, fire. flatus : blowing, blast, breathing, arrogance, haughtiness. flax, falcis : sickle, bill-hook, pruning hook. fleo : to weep, cry, shed tears, sob. flere : to cry, shed tears fluctus : billow, wave. flumen : river. fluo : to flow, pour, stream. fodio : to prick, sting, jab. foede : fouly, in a filty manner foedis-e : foul, fithly foedus : foederis : compact, covenant, agreement / law foeteo : to smell bad foetidus : smelly, stinking foetor : a bad smell, a stink foliatus : leafy folium : leaf folliculus : small bag, small purse, little sack follis: a leather bag, purse, bellows, puffed-out cheeks fomentum : poultice / alleviation fomes : fomitis : tinder fomeus : smoky, smoke-filled fons : fontis : fountain, spring / fresh water / source, origin fonticulus : small spring, little fountain for : fari : fatus : (deponent) say, speak, talk about forabilis : penetrable foramen : foraminis : hole, opening, aperture foras : outside, without, out of doors / + dare = to publish forca : pitfall, snare, trap forceps : pincers, tongs forda : a cow with calf fore, forem : future infinitive of sum. forensis, e : legal. forensis : relating to the forum / relating to legal business forfex : scissors, shears foris : out of doors, outside, abroad / from abroad, from outside foris : a door, opening, entrance forix : fornicis : arch, vault / arcade / an arched sallyport forma: forma, shape, beauty. formalis : having a set or standard form, / formal formamentum : conformation formator : a former, fashioner, maker formatura : forming, fashioning, shaping formica : ant formidilose : dreadfully, teribly formidilosus : causing dread, fear, terror formido : formidonis : dread, terror / dreadfulness / scarecrow formido : to be terrified, frightened, afraid formo : to shape, form, fashion. formose : beautifully formositas : beauty formosus : beautiful, well-shaped formula : physical beauty / formula / rule, principle fornacalis : relating to an oven fornacula : a small oven fornax : fornacis : oven, furnace, kiln fornicatus : arched, vaulted foro : to bore, pierce, make a hole, penetrate fors fortis : chance, luck, fortune. fors-itis : chance, luck. forsit forsan forsitan : perhaps, probably. fortasse : perhaps. forte : by chance, by luck, accidentally. fortis : strong, brave, powerful, robust, steadfast, courageous fortiter : strongly, bravely. fortitudo : physical strength, courage, moral bravery. fortuito : (used as adverb) accidentally, by chance fortuitus : accidentally, by luck, casual fortuna : fortune, luck, fate, chance. fortunate : fortunately, happily fortunatus : fortunate, lucky, happy. fortunatus : fortunate, lucky /wealthy, rich fortuno : to make happy, to bless, to prosper foruli : book-case forum : market place, town square. forus : gangway of a ship fossa : ditch, trench, channel, moat fossio : fossionis : an excavation fossor : a digger, ditcher, sapper / fool, boor, clown fossura : digging, delving, sapping, ditching fovea : a pit, trap for game, pitfall foveo : fovi : fotum : to foster, support, encourage foveo : fovi fotum : to cherish / to warm, keep warm, caress. fraga : fragorum : strawberries fragilis : fragile, easily broken / fleeting, transitory / weak, feeble fragilitas : frailness, weakness, fragility, frailty fragmen : fragminis : a breaking / fragments, remains, ruins fragor : a crash, crack. fragosus : roaring, crashing, rough /broken. fragro : to smell, be odiferous, redolent. frango : fracta : to break in pieces, shatter. frater : brother. fraudatio : fraud, deceit, trickery. frendo : to gnash one's teeth, bruise, crush, grind. frendo : gnash the teeth, crush, bruise, grind. freno : curb, restrain, hold back, restrain. frenum : reins, bridle, bit /restraint. frequentatio : frequency, crowding. frequentia : a large concourse, population, numerous assembly. frequento : to crowd, collect in large number, visit. fretus : + abl. relying upon, depending on, banking on. frigus : cold, coolness, cold of winter /dullness, indolence. frons : forehead, brow, front. fructuarius : fruitful, fertile. fructus fructus : fruit, profit, enjoyment, produce. frugalitas : frugality, economy, pinching pennies. frumentum : grain. fruor : to have the benefit of, to enjoy. frustra esse : to be deceived, to be mistaken. frustra : in vain, mistakenly, wantonly, without reason. frustro : frustror : to deceive, dupe, trick, disappoint. frux, frugi : fruits of the earth. fuga : flight, escape, fugio : to flee, escape, runa aaway /avoid, shun. fugitivus : fugitive : deserter, runaway slave. fugo : to put to flight, chase away, drive into exile, pursue. fulcio : to support, strengthen, uphold/ to besiege, oppress. fulgeo (fulsi ): to flash, shine, beam. fultus : supporter. fumidus : smoky, smoke-filled fumo : to smoke, steam, reek fundatio-onis : f, foundation fundator : m, founder funditus : totally fundo : to pour, pour out (like molten metal), melt, cast. fundo : (milit.) to rout, scatter, defeat, put to flight. fungor, fungi, functus : to occupy oneself, perform, do, execute. funiculus : a thin rope, cord, string funis -is : rope, cord, line. funis : rope, cord, line furax : inclined to steal, furca : a fork, pitchfork /narrow pass furcillo : to act as a support furibundus, raging, furious / inspired. furor : madness, rage, frenzy. furs : thief. furtificus : thievish. furtim : by stealth, stealthily. furtum : theft, robbery/ furta : stolen property /trick, deceit. fusus : (from fundo) spread out, extended, wide, copious. futurus : -a, -um, absurd G: galactinus : the Milky Way. galbinus : a greenish-yellow color galea : helmet. gallina : hen gallo : cock Gandavum : Ghent. ganea ganeum : brothel garum : a fermented fish sauce garrio : to chatter, babble garrulus : noising, talkative gaudeo : (gavisus) to rejoice, take delight gaudeo : (+ abl. of specification) to take delight in. gaudium : joy, delight, happiness. gauisus : (< gaudeo) rejoicing, joyous, glad, happy gelamen : assembly, gathering gelide : coldly, weakly, feebly gelidus : cold, frosty, icy, freezing gelo : to freeze gelu : frost, chill, cold Gemblacensis : Gembloux. gemino : to double geminus : twinned /double /paired /half and half gemo : to sigh, groan, wail. generasco : to be produced, to be born generatim : by kinds, according to classes /generally, in general genero : to beget, engender, produce, create generose : nobly generosus : of noble birth, aristocratic, well-bred gens : clan, race, nation, people, tribe. genus : kind, sort, class, category. gero : to carry, bear, wear /bear, give birth to /to carry about. gero : to have, bear gesto : to carry, bear about. gestum (gero) : carrying about, conduct (oneself). gestum (gero) : carriage, bearing / having borne. gigno (genuit) : to bring forth, bear, beget, father. glacialis : icy, frozen, full of ice. gladius : sword. gloria : fame, renown, glory. glorifico : to glorify, adorn, exalt. glorificus : glorious, full of glory. glorior : to glory, boast, pride oneself. glorior : to pride oneself, boast, glory in gluten : glue gluto : glutton gluttio : to swallow, gulp down gnaritas : knowledge gnarus : knowing, acquainted with, expert grano, onis : hailstorm. grassor : go about, go ahead, proceed, attack. grate : freely, willingly, happily gratia : in order to, for the sake of, to. gratia agere : (+ dat.) to thank. gratia : (in the abl.) on account of. gratia : gratitude, favor. gratulor : to wish a person joy, congratulate (+dat.),give thanks gratus : gravatus : sick, oppressed, ill. gravis : heavy, weighty, serious, important /severe, grievous. gravitas : weight, seriousness, dignity, importance. graviter : heavily, seriously. gravo : to oppress, burden, make suffer. gregatim : adv., in flocks, herds, troops, crowds. gregatim : in troops, or crowds. gubernatio-ionis : f, direction, government gusto : to taste. gutter : neck, throat, gullet H: habeo habui habitum : to have, hold, possess /consider, regard. habito : to have frequently /dwell, reside /take possession habitus : disposed, in a certain condition. hac : (fem. sing. abl.) He who lives BY THIS (the sword),... hac : this side, this way, here. hactenus : hitherto, up to this point, so far. hae he : (fem. plur. nom) THESE (speeches) were very fine. haec hec : (fem. sing. nom.) THIS (sword) is more expensive. haec hec (neut. plur. nom.) THESE (kisses) are sweeter than wine. haec hec : haereticum : n, heretical hanc : (fem. sing. acc.) She wasted THIS (her youth). harum : (fem. plur. gen.) The city wall had four OF THESE (gates). has : (fem. plur. acc.) They gave THESE (their lives) for the Faith. Hasnonium : Hasnon. haud : no, not at all, by no means. Heidelberg, you are the finest. Helcim : Helchin on the left bank of the Scheldt. Helnonensis : Elnon. Herimann, p. 279. Heniis Harniis : Hames. hereditas : inheritance, often simply "property." hesito (haesito) : to be unsure, uncertain, wavering. hi : (masc. plur. nom.) THESE (men) are loyal to the king. hic haec (hec ) hoc : this, the latter /he, she, it. hic : (adv.) here. hic : (masc. nom. sing.) THIS (house) is filthy. hilaris : cheerful, merry, gay. hinc : from this place, hence. his : (fem. plur. dat.) She gave her property TO THESE (churches). his : (masc. plur. abl.) They passed BY THESE (roads). his : (fem. plur. abl) A life is enriched BY THESE (friendships). his : (neut. his : (masc. plur. dat.) Tell it TO THESE (policemen). his : (neut. plur. dat.) Listen TO THESE (orders). hoc : (masc. sing. abl.) He gave plenty FOR THIS (field). hoc : (neut. sing. abl.) Do not hesistate BECAUSE OF THIS! (doubt) hoc : (neut. sing. nom.) THIS (monastery) is well-built. hoc : (neut. sing. acc.) Break THIS! (fetter) hodie : today. hodiernus : of today. Hoienses : huy, belgium, between liege and namur. homo hominis : human being, man. honestus : honorable, respectable /fine, beautiful /proper. honeste : respectfully, properly, suitably, appropriately. honor : honor, esteem, public office. honorabilis : respectful. hora : hour, time. hordeum, ordeum : barley. horrendus : horrible, dreadful. hortor : exhort, incite, encourage. hortus ortus : garden / pl. grounds, park. horum : (neut. plur. gen) The cattle OF THESE (monsters) were fat. horum : (masc. plur. gen.) The horses OF THESE (soldiers) are spent. hos : (masc. plur. acc.) They burned THESE (houses) to the ground. hospes : guest, host, stranger. hospitium : hospitality /guest chambers, inn. hostes hostium : the enemy. hostis : an enemy of the state. huic : (fem sing. dat.) There is a statue IN THIS (abbey). huic : (masc. sing. dat.) He sent FOR THIS (doctor). huic : (neut sing. dat.) i'd give my right arm FOR THIS (cookie). huius : (neut.) huius : (fem. sing. gen.) They are fond OF THIS (change). huius : (masc. fem. neut. gen. sing.) Go ahead, eat some OF THIS. humanitas : kindness, culture, refinement. humanus : pertaining to man, humane, humane, cultured, refined. humilis : lowly, humble. humo : cover with earth, bury, humus : ground, earth, soil /land, country. hunc : (masc. sing. acc.) He ate THIS (fruit). Hunnam : Bunna. hypocrita : hypocrite I: iaceo : to lie, lie prostrate, lie dead. iacio : to throw, cast, hurl, lay, scatter, diffuse. iaculator : :a thrower, javelin man, spear thrower. iaculum : dart, javelin, short spear. iactantia : bragging, boasting. iam : now, by now, already/ presently, immediately, soon. iam : moreover, henceforth, indeed, just, further. iamdiu : now for a long time. iamdudum : now for a long time. iam pridem : now for a long time. ianitor : -oris doorkeeper, porter. ianua : door. ianus : arcade, covered passage. ibi : there ibidem : in the same place, at the moment, in that matter. Ico : to strike, hit, wound /strike a bargain, make a deal. ictus : blow, bite, stroke, bolt, thrust. ictus : blow, wound, stabbing, thrust idcirco : on that account, for that reason, for that purpose. idem eadem idem : the same. identidem : again and again, repeatedly. iento : to eat breakfast ideo : for that reason, on that account, therefore. idoneus : proper, worthy, fitting, deserving, capable. iecur : the liver. ieiunitas : hunger, emptiness /meagerness, poverty. ieiunium : fast, abstinence, hunger /leanness, thinness. ientaculum : breakfast. iento : to eat breakfast. igitur : adv, therefore igitur : therefore, consequently, for this reason. ignarus : ignorant, not knowing. ignavus : lazy, listless, inert, sluggish cowardly, a coward. igneus : fiery, ardent, burning, ignis : fire. ignoro : to be ignorant of, not know /rarely: neglect, overlook. ignosco: (+ ignotus : unknown, obscure, ignorant, ignoble. ile : guts, intestines. ilicet : it is finished /right away, immediately. ilico : on the spot, immediately. ilico : illico : on the spot, in that very place /immediately illa : (fem. sing. nom.) THAT (sword) is more expensive. illa : (fem. sing. abl.) He who lives BY THAT (the sword),... illa : (neut. plur. nom.) THOSE (arms) belong to the victor. illa : (neut. plur. acc.) Deborah always won THESE (wars). illac : over there /along that path, in that direction. illacrimo (+ dat.) to weep over. illae ille : (fem. plur. nom.) THOSE (women) must die! illae ille : (sing. gen.) She paid half OF THIS (the cost). illarum : (fem. plur. gen.) The city wall had four OF THOSE (gates). illas : (fem. plur. acc.) They gave THOSE (their lives) for the Faith. illata : from infero to cause, occasion, etc. illaturos : from infero "they would cause." ille : (masc. nom. sing.) THAT (house) is filthy. ille illa illud : that, the former, the famous /he, she, it. illi : (fem sing. dat.) There is a statue IN THAT (abbey). illi : (masc. plur. nom.) THOSE (men) are loyal to the king. illi : (masc. sing. dat.) He sent FOR THAT (doctor). illi : (neut sing. dat.) i'd give my right arm FOR THOSE (cookies). illiam : (fem. sing. acc.) She wasted THAT (her youth). illic : there, at that place, therein, in that matter. illis : (fem. plur. dat.) She gave her property TO THOSE (churches). illis : (masc. plur. abl.) They passed BY THOSE (roads). illis : (fem. plur. abl) A life is enriched BY THESE (friendships). illis : (masc. plur. dat.) Tell it TO THOSE (Marines). illis : (neut. plur. dat.) Listen TO THESE (orders). illis : (neut. plur. abl.) She earned it BY THESE (her deeds). illis : (plur. abl.) She earned it BY THESE (her deeds). illius : (fem. sing. gen.) They are fond OF THAT (change). illius : (masc. fem. neut. gen. sing.) Go ahead, eat some OF THAT. illius : (neut. sing. gen.) She paid half OF THAT (the cost). illo : (neut. sing. abl.) Do not hesitate BECAUSE OF THAT! (doubt) illo : (masc. sing. abl.) He gave plenty FOR THAT (field). illorum : (masc. plur. gen.) The horses OF THOSE (soldiers) are spent. illorum : (neut. plur. gen) The cattle OF THESE (monsters) were fat. illos : (masc. plur. acc.) They burned THOSE (houses) to the ground. illuc : thither, to that place, to that matter, to that person. illud : (neut. sing. nom.) THAT (monastery) is well-built. illud : (neut. sing. acc.) Break THOSE (fetters)! illudo illusi illusum : to mock, make fun of, ridicule illudo-si-sum : 3, to mock, to scorn illum : (masc. sing. acc.) He ate THAT (fruit). imago : image, likeness. imber : ymber : rain shower, rain storm, pelting rain imbibo : imbibe, drink in /think up, conceive. imbrium : of rain. imbuo : to soak, steep, saturate /to stain, dye /to become used to. imcomposite : adv from incompositus; also incompositione imitabilis : that which can be imitated, imitor : to imitate. impeto : to attack, head for. impervius : unpassable. impetus : attack, rush, assault /impulse, sudden passion. immanitas : savagery, frightfulness. immerito : adv. undeservingly, without merit, unjustifiably. immineo : to hang over, be imminent, threaten. immo : by all means, by no means, on the contrary. immo : nay, should I say, on the contrary immodicus :immoderate, excessive, beyond measure. immortalis : immortal. immotus : unmoved. immunda : unclean, impure, dirty, foul. immundus : foul, impure. impedimentum : hindrance, impediment, obstacle, difficulty. impedio : entangle, ensnare, obstruct, surround, hinder, prevent. impedo : to entangle, ensnare, hinder, prevent, obstruct. impeditus : entagles, hindered /embarassed, prevented, obstructed, impello : to drive against, strike upon. impello impuli impulsum : to set in mortion, impel, urge on. impendeo : to hang over, threaten, menace, be imminent. impendium L expenditures, outlay, interest on a loan. impendo : to lay out, expend, weigh out. impenetrabiilis : impenetrable. impensa : expense, outlay. imperator : commander in chief, general, emperor. imperceptus : unperceived /unknown, imperiosus : imperious, dominering, powerful. imperium : power to command, authority, command, rule, control. impero : to give orders, command /to rule, hold sway. impetro : to get, accomplish, effect, obtain (by asking). impetus : attack, onset, rapid motion/ impulse, passion, force. impiger : diligent, active. impigre : diligently, actively. impingo : to hurl against, strike. impius : without respect, irreverent, unpatriotic /wicked. impleo : to fill in (or up), satisfy, content, fulfil, perform. impleo : to fill up, content, satisfy. impono : imposui : impositum : to place, set, stow /embark /cheat, deceive. importunus : unsuitable, unfavorable, troublesome/ inconsiderate. impraesentiarum : for the present, in present cirumstances. imprimis : especially, particularly, specifically. improbus : inferior, bad, wicked, persistent, perverse, bold. improvidus : improvident, negligent, thoughtless, feckless. improviso : unexpected/ (ex improviso) suddenly. impudens : impudent, shameless, insolent, presumptuous. impudenter : impudently, insolently, presumptuously. impugnatio : -ionis : attack. impugno : to attack, assault. impunitus : unpunished, unrestrained, safe. imputo : to lay to a charge, enter in an account, impute to. in : (+ abl.) in. in : (+ acc.) into, toward, against. in praesentia : for the present. inanis : empty, vain, inane. inasnum : n, foolish, insane incassum : in vain. incedo : to awake, march, go, enter into inceptor : beginner. inceptum : beginning, attempt, enterprise. incertus : uncertain, doubtful, unsure, hesitant. inchoatus : unfinished, only begun incido in mentionem : to happen to mention. incido : to fall in or on, fall in with /happen, occur. incipio : to take in hand, begin, commence. incito : to excite, spur, inspire, increase /hasten, urge on. inclino : to bend, incline, turn, change / fall back, waver. includo : to shut in, enclose, establish a siege, surround. inclutus inclitus : celebrated, famous, renowned. incogitania : thoughtlessness incogitatus : thoughtless, inconsiderate / spontaneous incogito : to plan, arrange, contrive, think out incognitus : unknown, unexamined / unrecognized / unclaimed incoho: incohare : to begin, start upon, turn to, start incol : ae : resident, inhabitant of a place / foreign resident incola, ae : resident, inhabitant of a place / foreign resident incolo : incolere : to inhabit, reside somewhere, dwell (in) incolumis : uninjured, safe, scatheless, unharmed incolumitas : safety incomitatus : alone, unaccompanied, without followers incommendatus : without a protector, without a lord incommode : inconveniently incommoditas : inconvenience, uncomfortable / disadvantage incommodo : (-are) to be troublesome, unpleasant, annoying incommodus : inconvenient, troublesome, irksome, disagreeable, unpleasant incommutabilis : unchangeable incomparabilis : without compare, peerless, incomparable incompertus : unknown incomposite : irregularly, in a disorderly manner incompositus : disorder, lack of regularity incomprehensibilis : impossible to catch, incomprehensible incomptus : unkempt, untrimmed / rude, rough inconcessus : forbidden, prohibited, not allowed inconcinnus : awkward, clumsy / without elegance / absurd, laughable inconcussus : firm, unshaken, stable inconditus : disorderly, not arranged, unplanned, confused incongruens : not agreeing, inconsistent, out of place inconsiderate : thoughtlessly, without consideration inconsideratus : without thought, inconsiderate/ reckless, unadvised inconsolabilis : inconsolable / uncurable inconstans : inconsistent, changeable, fickle, unreliable / faithless inconstanter : inconstantly, changeably, inconsistently inconstantia : changeability, inconsistency / faithlessness inconsulte : indiscreetly inconsultus : without asking advise, precipately / imprudent, rash inconsumptus : unconsumed, undiminished, not depleted incontaminatus : pure, unadulterated, unpolluted incontentus : unstretched, not extended, unstrained / untuned incontinencia : lack of restraint, incontinence. incontinens : incontinent inconveniens : not suiting / dissimilar incoquo : incoxo : incoctum : (-ere) to dye incorrectus : unimproved, uncorrected, not emended incorruptus : uncorrupted, genuine, pure, untainted increbresco : (-ere) to grow strong, prevail, increase, wax incredibilis : incredible, unbelievable incredulus : incredulous incrementum : growth, increase / offspring increpito : (-are) to call out to, to rebuke increpo : (of persons) to chide, rebuke. incresco : (-ere) to grow in, or upon incruentatus : incruentus : bloodless incruente : without bloodshed incubo : to hang over, lie heavily upon / dwell in / watch over inculco : to crowd in, press in, trample in / impress upon inculpatus : innocent, without blame, guiltless inculta : waste, desert incultus : neglect, lack of cultivation incultus : untilled, uncultivated / unpolished, rude, rough / untidy, neglected incumbo : (-ere) to apply oneself, concentrate / favor, further, promote incumbo : (-ere) to lie or lean upon, lean over, overhang incunabula : swddling clothes / infancy, birthplace / source, origin incuratus : unhealed, uncured, untended incuria : carelessness, neglect incuriose : negligently, carelessly incuriosus : neglect, careless, negligent incurro : to run into, assail, attack, raid into, come upon. incursio : clash, collision / attack, raid, foray, invasion incurso : to collide with, strike against / attack incursus : an attack, assault / efforts, impulses incurvo : (-are) to bend, curve, make crooked indagatio : investigation. inde : thence, from there, for that reason, thereafter, then. indebitus : not owed, not due. indicium : data, information, evidence. indico : to proclaim, make publicly known, announce, disclose. indifferens : neither good nor bad. indifferente : indifferently indigeo : to require, need, stand in need of. indignatio : indignation. indignus : unworthy, lacking in merit, unfit. indo (past indidi) : to establish, cause, occasion. indomitus : untamed, wild. induco : bring in, introduce, induce, persuade / decide. induco : cover, put on clothing, erase writing, revoke, anull. induco indux inductum : to lead in, introduce, induce, influence. industria : induco : to bring, lead, conduct induco-are : to lead industrius : industrious, diligent, assiduous, hard-working. indutiae : truce, armistice, suspension of hostilities. induviae : clothes, clothing, garb. inedicabilis : unexplainable, inexplicable. inefficax : ineffectual, unproductive, profitless /weak. inefficaciter : ineffectually, vainly, in vain, ineo : to enter, go in /begin, commence, undertake, start ineptio : to play the fool, to trifle. inexpugnabilis : impregnable, unconquerable, not to be taken by force. infamo : to put to shame, disgrace. infantia : infancy, babyhood. infector : dyer. infectum reddere : to revoke, render impossible, make voil, annull. infectus : unworked /not done, unfinished, incomplete. infecunditas : barrenness, sterility. infecundus : barren, sterile. infelicitas : bad luck, misfortune, infeliciter : unhappily. infelix : arbor infelix : the gallows. infelix : unfruitful, barren, unproductive, infertile. infenso : to attack, avenge. infensus : hostile, agressive /(arms) aimed, ready /(spirit) dangerous. inferi : those down below, the dead. inferne : on the lower side, below. infero : (abstract things) : bring on, occasion, cause. infero : (in logic) to infer, conclude. infero : to carry in, put or place on. inferus : below, under, southern. infervesco : to come to a boil, become hot. infeste : in a hostile manner, belligerently. infesto : to attack, disquiet. infestus : aggressive, hostile, dangerous. inficio infeci infectum : to poison, taint, corrupt. inficio infeci infectum : to tinge, dye, stain, imbue. infidelis : unfaithful, disloyal, untrue. infidelitas : faithlessnes, disloyalty. infideliter : faithlessly, disloyally. infidus : untru, disloyal. infigo : to fix, fasten /to imprint, impress. infindo infidi infissum : to cut into. infinitas infinitio : eternity, infinity, endlessnes. infinitus : unlimited, infinite, without bounds, boundless, limitless. infirmatio : weakening /refusing /invalidating. infirme : weakly, faintly. infirmitas : weakness, feebkeness /instability, fickleness. infirmo : to weaken /shake /invalidate, annull/disprove. infirmus : not strong, weak, feeble /(sometimes) sick, ill. infit : he, she, or it begins, begins to speak. infitialis : negative, containing a no, rejection. infitias ire : to deny. infitior : to deny /deny a debt, refuse to return something. inflammatio : setting afire /(people) inflaming /(souls) inspiring. inflammo : to set on fire, inflame, to torch, kindle. inflatio : inflation, flatulence. inflatius : too pompous /on a grander scale. inflatus : blowing into, blast, inspiration. inflatus : pompous, swollen, puffed up, inflated. inflecto : to warp /change, sway, affect. inflecto inflexi inflectum : to bend, bow, curve. infletus : unwept, unmourned, unlamented. inflexio : a bending, swaying. inflexus : bending, curving. infligo inflixi inflictum : to strike, hit, knock /cause damage. inflo : to blow influo influi influxum : to flow in /to rush in, steal in. infodio infodi infossum : to dig in, bury. informatio : concept, idea. informis : formless, shapeless /deformed, hideous. infortunatus : unfortunate, unhappy, unlucky. infortunium : misfortune, bad luck /punishment. infra : (+ acc.) below, under /(time) later than infra : (adv.) below, underneath /to the south, in the underworld. infra inferius infimus : low down infractio : a breaking /infractio aninimi dejection. infractus : broken, weakened, impaired. infragilis : unbreakable, strong. infremo : to growl. infrenatus : without a bridle. infrendeo : to gnash the teetch. infrenis infrenus : unbridled. infreno : to bridle, check, restrain, break in. infrequens : scanty, thin, uncrowded /infrequent /thinly populated. infrequentia : scantiness, emptiness, loneliness. infringo infregi infractum : to beak, weaken, impari, discourage. infrons : infructuosus : unproduction, infertile, unfruitful. infucatus : colored. infula : insignia of office, headband, fillet. infula : headband (worn by a priest), insignia. infundo infudi infusum : to pour in or over /(+ dat.) administer. infusco : to make dark, blacken. ingemino : to redouble, repeat /be redoubled, increase. ingemisco : to groan, sigh over. ingemo : (+ dat.) to groan, sigh over. ingenero : to plant, implant, generate. ingeniose : cleverly. ingeniosus : able, talented /neturally fit, adapted. ingenium : innate character, talent, nature. ingens : of immoderate size, vast, huge, monstrous, remarkable. ingenuitas : free birth, noble-mindedness, frankness, openness. ingenuus : free-born, noble-minded, upright, honorable. ingero : to go off to, betake oneself to, pour forth, inflict. inglorius : without fame, unddistinguished, inglorious. ingluvies : (of an animal) crop, maw. ingrate ingratiis ingratis : unwillingly, ungratefully. ingratus : ungrateful, unpleasant, disagreeable. ingravesco : to become: heavy, a burden, weary, pregnant. ingravo : to weight down, aggravate, afflict. ingredior : to enter upon, begin on /(with inf.) to begin to. ingredior ingredi ingressus : to step in, enter, go in, walk. ingressio : an entering /beginning. ingressus : entering, going in /inroad, movement. ingruo : to fall upon, assail, attack, assault. inguen : the groin. ingurgito : to glut oneself, gorge. ingustatus : untasted. inhabilis : unmanageable, ill-fit, poorly adapted, unsuiited. inhabitabilis : uninhabitable, unfit for man or beast. inhabito : to inhabit. inhaeresco inheresco : to adhere to, begin to cling to. inhaero inhero : to stick in, cling to, cleave to. inhalo : to breathe upon. inhibeo : to hold in, check, restrian /back water /practice, use, employ. inhio : to gape /yearn for, desire, want, covet. inhoneste : dishonorably. inhonesto : to disgrace, dishonor. inhonestus : degraded, dishonored /dishonorable, shameful /ugly. inhonoratus : unrewarded, not honored. inhonorus : dishonored. inhorreo : to bristle. inhorresco : to begin to bristle, shudder, quiver, shake. inhospitalis : inhospitable. inhospitalitas : lack of hospitality. inhospitus : inhospitable. inhumane : inhumanly. inhumanitas : curelty, inhumanity/ incivility, discourtesy/ stinginess. inhumaniter : discourteously. inhumanus : cruel, savage, barbarous, inhuman, uncivil, uncivilized. inhumatus : unburied. inibi : therein, in that place /(time) near at hand. inicio inieci iniectum : to throw on, put on, don /inspire. inimicus : personal enemy, foe, opponent. iniquus : unequal, unjust, unfair. initium : beginning, start, commencement, origin. iniuria : injury, damage, hurt /injustice, wrong. iniustus : unjust, inequitable, unfair. innotesco : to become know, noted. innuo : to give a nod to, give a sign to. innuo : innui : innutum : to hint at, suggest, mean inobedio-ire : disobident, disloyal inolesco : to grow in or on. inops : poor, helpless, in need inquam : I say. inquis : you say. inquisitor : [med] juror, member of an inquest, trustee. inquit : he, she, it says. inreto : irreto : ensnared, entrapped, entangled. inrideo : to laugh at, mock, ridicule. inritus irritus : void, invalid, in vain, useless, ineffectual. inruo irruo : to rush in, fling in. insania : insanity, irrationality, madness, folly. insanum : foolish insciens : unknowing, unaware, ignorant. inscribo : inscribe, entitle, enlist. insensatus : irrational. insequor : to follow, pursue, assail, reproach, rebuke, attack. inservio : to be a slave, serve, be devoted to. insideo : sit upon something, be firmly placed. insidiae : (plural) treachery, ambush, plot, conspiracy. insignio : to put a mark upon, adorn, distinguish insinuo : to insinuate, work one's way in, intimate. insisto : to enter upon [a journey] tread; (with d.) follow. insolita : unaccustomed, unusual. insolitus : unaccustomed /unusual, strange, uncommon. insons insontis : guiltless, innocent. insperatus : unexpected, unlooked for, unanticipated. insquequo : until instabilitas : constant motion, restlessness instanter : urgently. instar : a form, figure, after the fashion of, like. instigo : to goad, incite, stimulate, urge instituta apostolica : canon law instituo : to establish, found, institute. instituo-ui-utum : 3, put in place, begin insto : to pursue eagerly, devote oneself to. instructus : trained, taught. instructus (from instruo) : equipped, trained, supplied. instruo : prepare, provide /draw up an order of battle. instruo : to built in, set up, construct, furnish /train insuadibilis : adamant, immovable, not to be persuaded insudo : (with ablative) exert oneself in, busy oneself with insula : island. Insula : Lille insulto : to leap at or on /revile, insult, deride, heap scorn upon insultus : attack, assault insum : [inesse, infuit] to be in or on, contained in, within. insumo : get one's wish, obtain one's desire insumptuosus : inexpensive, cheap, economical insuper : as mentioned above insurgo insurgi insurrectum : to rise up, rebel, revolt integer : whole, untouched, unhurt, undamaged /complete, entire intellego intellexi intellectum : to understand, comprehend, see. intempestivus: intelligendo : f.p.p., understanding, being understood intemporaliter : eternally, without end intendo : to extend, aim, direct, direct one's course, aim at. intendo : to stretch, strain, try to prove intenta : earnestness, seriousness intentio : effort, exertion, attention, intent / attack, accusation intentor : informant intentus : thorough, tense, anxious, strict. inter : (+ acc.) between, among inter : approximately, about, around, roughly inter canem et lupum : at twilight intercipio intercepi interceptum : to intercept interdico : to forbid, prohibit, outlaw, gain an injunction. interdico : to place an interdict. interdum : sometimes, now and then, at times. intereo : to perish, die. interfectio-onis : f, a killing interficio interfeci interfectum : to kill, murder, slay interfixus : paved, made firm interpono : to place between, interpose /intervene interrogatio : interrogation, inquiry intertio : arrest, seize, take into custody intervigilium : a nap, a doze, forty winks intestina-us-um : internal intolerabiliter : unsupportably intorqueo : twist, distort intrepidus : eager, hot-blooded intro : to walk into, enter, make one's way into. introduco : to lead in, introduce. intueor : to look at attentively, gaze at, consider. intumesco : to swell up, increase, swell with anger. intus : within. inultus : unavenged, unpunished inundantia : flood, overflowing, inundation invado : to undertake, go in, enter, get in. invado : to assail, usurp, seize, attack, fall upon. invalesco : to gather strength, become stronger. invenio : to come upon, find, discover. inventor : inventor, discoverer. investigo : to track down, investigate. inveteratus : hardened by age, of long-standing. invetero : to give duration, to render old invicem : one after the other, by turns, mutually, each other. invictus : unconquer, unconquerable, undefeated. invideo : to envy, be jealous of, look upon with envy. invidia : envy, jealousy, hatred /censure inviso : to go to see, visit, inspect, look at. invisus : hated, hateful. invito : to invite, summon. invitus : unwilling, against one's will. invocatio : invocation, an invoking ioco iocor : to joke, jest, make merry. iocus : joke, jest, jape, gag. ipse ipsa ipsum : himself, herself, itself. ipsemet : his own very self. ira : anger, wrath. irascor iratus : to be angry, to be wrathful. iratus : angry, wrathful. irrito : to irritate, exasperate, excite. irritum : nothingness, worthlessness, vanity. irritus : undecided, void, unfixed, of no effect. irritus : vain, useless, ineffectual, of not effect. irruo : to rush into, rush upon, attack is ea id : this, that /he, she, it. iste ista istud : that /sometimes pejorative. ita : (in narration) and so; (with adj. or adv.) so, so very. ita : so, thus. ita ut : (with subj.) in such a way that, itaque : (adv.) and, so, therefore. item : adv, likewise, moreover iter itineris : road, route, journey. itero : to repeat, say again, iterate. iterum : again, a second time, once more. iubeo iussi iussum : to order, command /tell someone to do iucunditas : pleasure, charm. iucundus : agreeable, pleasant, gratifying. iudex : judge, juror. iudicium : judgment, decision, opinion, trial iudico : to judge, consider iugis iuge : perpetual, continuous. iugo : to bind together, connect, couple. iugosus : mountainous. iugulum iugulus : the throat. iugum : crossbar, beam of scales /crest, ridge. iugum : yoke /a team of oxen, a pair /bond, union /slavery iuguolo : to cut the throat, butcher, kill, destroy. iumentum : beast of burden. iunceus : made of rushes. iunctio : connection, joining. iunctura : a joining, joint /rekationship, combination. iunctus : -a,-um united, connected, joined together iuncus : the rush. iungo iunxi iunctum : to join, unite, cinnect /yoke, harness /to mate iuniperus : the juniper tree. iuratus : under oath iureiuro : to swear an oath. iurgium : quarrel, altercation, brawl iurgo ; to quarrel, brawl /scold. iurisdictio : administration of justice, extent of competence. iuro : to swear, to make an oath. ius iurandum iuris iurandi etc. : oath. ius iuris : justice, law, right /broth, soup. iussu : (abl.) at the command of, by order of. iusta : due forms /funereal rites. iuste : fairly, justly, rightly. iustitia : justice, fairness, equity. iustum : what is right. iustus : just, right, equitable, fair, lawful, proper iuvenalis iuvenilis : youthful. iuvenesco : to reach the prime of life. iuventus : youth (between 20 and 45). iuvo : to help, aid, assist /to please, delight, gratify. iuxta : (+ acc.) close to, near to/ (time) just before. iuxta : close by, near/ in like manner, equally. iuxta : just short of. iuxtim : equally. ivi : past tense of eo J: jaceo-ere-ui : to stand (that which is stated) jaculum : dart, javelin. jaculum : dart, javelin. judicium : trial, legal investigation, judgement, decision. judico : to condemn, judge, try jugis : continual, ceaseless, perennial, constant. jugiter : continually, perpetually, constantly / instantly. jumentum : draft animal. juvenis : young man, youth. juventus : the age of youth (20-40 years). juxta : adv, in a like manner, likewise L: labasco : to give way, totter. labecula : a slight stain, minor disgrace. labefacio labefeci labefactum : to shake, loesen /impair. labefacto : to weaken, disturb /shake violently. labellum : a little lip /a small washing vessel. labes labis : stain, blemish, disgrace, infamy /misfortune. labia labium :lip (labiae : lips). labiosus : having large lips. labo : to totter, sink, begin to fall. labor : hardip, fatigue, distress. labor laboris : labor, work, toil labor lapsus : to slip, glide, slide. labores solis : eclipse of the sun. laboriose : laboriously, with great effort laboriosus : toilsome, laborious /(persons) industrious, toiling. laboro : laboro : (intrans.) to work, toil, suffer, be afflicted, be troubled. labrum : lip, edge, rim /bathing tub. labrusca : wild grape vine. labruscum : the wild grape. lac lactis : milk. lacer : torn, mangled, cut to pieces. laceratio : a tearing, mangling. lacero : to tear to pieces, mangle /squander money /slander someone. lacerta : lizard. lacertosus : muscular, powerful. lacertus : the upper arm /strength. lacesso : to harass, attack. lacrima : tears /exudations from some plants. lacrima Heliandum : amber. lacrimabilis : lamentable, deplorable, woeful. lacrimo : to weep, shed tears /exude, drip. lacrimosus : tearful, mournful, shedding tears, lactans : giving milk. lactatio : enticement, come-on. lacteus : milky, of milk, milk-white. lacto : to allure, entice, wheedle. lactuca : lettuce. lacuna : a hole, empty space /pond, pool /deficiency, loss. lacuna : missing letters, words, or phrases in a manuscript. lacunar : panelled ceiling. lacus : a hollow /lake, pool, pond, troough, tank, tub. laedo ledo : strike, hit, hurt, damage, offend, annoy, violate. laesio lesio : rhetorical attack /wounding. laetabilis letabilis : joyous, glad. laetans : rejoicing, joyous. laetatio letatio : rejoicing, joy. laetifico letifico : to fertilize /cheer, galdden, delight. laetificus letificus : gladdening, joyous, spreading happiness. laetitia letitia leticia : fertility /richness, grace /joy, delight. laetitia : joy, gladness, delight laeto leto : to cheer, gladden, make joyful. laetor letor : to rejoice, be joyful. laeve leve : left-handedly, awkwardly. laevus levus : the left hand, left side, left-handed. laevus levus : foolish, silly /unlucky, unpropitious. laganum : a cake. lama : bog, slough. lambo : to lick /(of rivers) to wash. lamenta (neut. pl) : weeping, wailing. lamentabilis : lamentable, mournful. lamentatio : weeping, wailing, lamenting. lamentor : to weep, wail, lament /(trans.) to bewail. lamia : witch, vampire. lamnia lammina lamna : sheet of metal, coin, knife blade, nutshell. laniatus : a tearing, ripping, mangling, mutilating lanx : dish, platter, plate lapsus : fall, fault, error, sliding, gradual movement. laqueum : noose, halter, snare, trap. laqueus : snare, trap, noose. largior : lavish, bestow, grant, give abindantly. lascivio : to run riot, play, be wanton. lasesco : to become tired, grow weary late : broadly, widely, extensively latenter : secretly, in a concealed manner latito : to lie hidden, be concealed latrator : a barker (such as a dog) latratus : barking latro : (-are) to bark, bay / rant /runble, roar latro : (-onis) hired servant / mercenary soldier / robber, bandit, brigand latro : (-onis) hunter latrocinium : mercenary service / highway robbery / villainy / a gang of robbers latrocinor : (dep) serve as a mercenary / to rob, steal latrunculus : highwayman, robber, brigand, bandit / mercenary soldier latus : broad, wide, extensive latus -eris : sides, flank / lungs / laudabilis : praiseworthy, laudable laudabiliter : (adv) in a laudable fashion laudatio : praise, commendation laudator : praiser. laudo : to praise, extoll, commend /name, mention, cite, quote. Laudunum : Laon. laureatus : crowned with laurel, laureate laureola : a laurel branch, crown of laurel / victory, triumph, success laurifer : carrying laurel, crowned with laurel / tiumphant, victorious laurus : the laurel, bay tree / triumph, victory, success laus : praise, glory, fame lautitia : splendor, elegance lautumiae : lautomiae : (-arum) stone quarry lautus : washed, bathed, cleaned / fine, elegant, refined lauvabrum : a bath lavatio : washing, bathing lavo : lavi : lautus : (-ere) to wash, bathe/ moisten, get wet / wash away laxamentum : a widening, expansion / rest, respite laxe : widely, loosely / unrestrained laxitas : wideness, expansiveness, roominess laxo : sell formally, give up, loosen / widen, extend, enlarge / undo, relax laxo : to relieve / release, set free, liberate / yield up laxus : wide, spacious /later, postponed / lax, loose, relaxed lea : leana : lioness lebes : copper kettle, basin, cauldron. lectica : litter, bier lectio : selection, picking out / reading, perusal lector : reader lectulus : a small bed, cot lectus : bed, couch legatarius : legatee legatio : office of legate / office of ambassador, embassy commander legatus : deputy, ambassador, envoy / commander of a legion legens : (-entis) a reader. legio : a selection / chosen body / legion legitiums : lawful, licit, right, proper, legitimate lego : to gather, choose, collect, pass through, read / appoint, select legumen : a bean, pea, legume lemiscus : a ribbon. lemma : theme, title, epigram. lemures : (pl. only) ghosts, phantoms. lenimentus : alleviation, impreovement, mitigation. lenio : to mitigate, relieve, make better. lenis : smooth /gentle, kind, mild. lenitas lenitudo : smoothness, gentleness, mildness. leno : procurer, go-between. lenocinium : enticement, allurement. lenocinor : to pander, flatter, make up to /to promote, advance. lens : lentis : lentil lente : slowly, calmly, cooly, deliberately. lentesco : to become soft, flexible, sticky /to weaken, slacken. lentitudo : slowness, sluggishness / apathy lento : to bend. lentulus : rather slow, a little slow. lentus : lethargic, inactive /slow, lingering. lentus : tough, resistant, tenacious /supple, pliant / leo : lion Leodie : Liege. Leodium : Liege. lepide : charminly, wittily, elegantly, pleasantly. lepidus : charming, witty, pleasant, elegant. lepor lepos : charm, wit, elegance. lepus : hare, rabbit. Lesciense, monastery of : Liessies. letalis : mortal, deadly, fatal. letaliter : mortally, fatally. letanie : litany lethargus : drowsiness, apathy, sleepiness, coma. letifer : deadly, mortal. leto : to kill, slay. letum : death, ruin, annihilation. levamen : alleviation, mitigation, solace, refreshment. levamentum : comfort, easing, alleviation, consolation. levatio : alleviation, mitigation, solace. leviculus : empty-headed, vain, silly. levidensis : thin, slight, poor. levis : light, slight, trivial /beardless, bald /light-armed. levis : rapid, swift /unimpotant /fickle, inconstant /unstable. levitas : lightness, levity /fickleness, inconstancy /groundlesness. leviter : lightly, softly, slightly. levo : to raise, lift up /relieve, ease /diminish, weaken, impair. levo : to smooth, polish. lex legis : law, statute /covenant, agreement libatio : libation. libellus : little book. libenter : willingly, with pleasure. liber : child, offspring. liber libera, liberum : free, independent, unrestricted. liber libri : book. liberalis : courteous, generous, gentlemanly. liberaliter : courteously, generously, honorably. liberatio : release, liberation, aquittal, setting free. libere : freely, openly, frankly. libero : to lift (an obstacle), raise. libero : to set free, deliver, liberate, release /exempt libertas : freedom, liberty, independence / frankness, candor. libido : whim, caprice, violent desire, passionate longing. liceo : to be valued at, be for sale. liceor : to offer a price, to offer to buy, bid, proffer, tender. licens : unimpeded, free, unrestrained, unchecked. licentia : license, leave, authorization /freedom, liberty /licentiousness. licentio :to authorize, permit, dismiss. licet : (as conj.) granted that, although. licet : granted that, although / it is allowed, one may or can. licet : imper v., it is right, just licitus : permitted, allowed. ligamen : string, thread. ligatio : imprisonment, bondage, captivity, servitude. lignarius : carpenter. lignator : wood-cutter. ligo : to bind, tie. lima : file, polishing, revision. limen limina : threshold. lingua : language, tongue, speech. lino : to smear, befoul, dirty. linteum : linnen, napkin. liquidus : fluid, flowing, liquid / clear, evident, certain. litigo : to quarrel, dispute. littera : letter (of the alphabet). litterae : (pl.) letter, epistle, missive, note /literature. loci : (pl.) passages in literary works. loco : to place, put, position. locupleto : to enrich, make wealthy. locus : place, location, situation, spot. [monastery] loginquitas : distance, remoteness, isolation. longe : far. longe lateque : far and wide. longus : long loquax : loquacis : talkative, loquacious, garrulous. loquor : locutus : to say, speak, tell, declare. lorica : hauberk [a coat of chain mail], a knight's service. loricatus : wearing armor, armored. lubricus : oily, slippery, slick. lucerna : lamp. lucidus : -a-um, shining, bright, clear. lucinaria : lamp. lucror : to gain, profit, win. lucrosus : profitable, gainful. lucrum : gain, profit. luctisonus : sad-sounding, mournful, baleful. luctus : lamentation, mourning, grief. ludio : ludius : actor, player ludo : lusi l: usum : to play, sport /imitate, banter /delude, deceive. ludus : game, sport, school. lues : plague, pestilence, calamity. lugeo : to mourn, be in mourning, grieve/(tans,) to lament, bewail. lumen : light, lamp, lantern /light of day /the eye /clearness /understanding. luminare : luminaris : window shutter. luminarium : light, lamp. luminosus : bright. luna : moon. lunatus : crescent-shaped. lupus : wolf. Lutosensis : Leuze. lux lucis : light. luxuria : luxury, extravagance, opulence. M: macellarius : butcher, slaughter-house. macer : thin, lean. macero : to soften, weaken, reduce, torment. macies : thiness, gauntness /poverty barrenness macresco : to become lean, skinny, thin. mactabilis : deadly, lethal. macto : to magnify, glorify, honor /slay, fight, punish, afflict. macula : macula : stain, mark, spot/ blemish, fault, flaw. maculo : to stain, blemish, defile, pollute. maculosus : spotted, speckled, poluted. madesco : to get wet. madide : drunkenly. madidus : wet, moist, soaked, boiled, soft, drunk, dyed, steeped. mador maero : to grieve, sorrow. maeror meror : mourning, grief, sorrow. magis : more, to a greater extent, rather, for preference magister : master, canon / master of a school, professor. magnopere magnus opere : very, very much. magnus maior maximus : large, great, important. magus : magical. maiestas : majesty, dignity, greatness. maiores : (pl.) ancestors. Malbodiensis : Maubeuge. male peius pessime : badly, ill, wrongly. malens : preferring. maligo-are : to do/contrive evil Malmundarium : Malmedy. malo : to choose, prefer. malo mallui malus : to choose, prefer. malum : evil, misfortune, misdeed, crime, injury, damage. malus peior pessimus : bad, wicked, evil. mancipo mancepo : to sell formally, turn over, give into charge. mancipo : to mandatum : order, decree, mandate, instruction. mandatum : commission, charge, entrust. mando : to commit, entrust, order, command. mane : morning, early in the morning, early. manentia : permanency. maneo : to remain, stay, stay the night, last, endure, abide by. mansuetus : mano : to flow mansuetus : mild, soft, gentle. manus manus : hand, band, handwriting. Marceniense : Marchiennes, Marcieniensis : Marchiennes. mara : marl [an earth rich in CaC, added to lime-deficient soils]. marmoreus : like marble. maro : to apply marl to the soil mare maris : sea. maritus : husband. martyr-yris : martyr martyrium : n, martyrdom mater matris : mother. matera, mairia : ?vat, for the fermentation of beer. materia : material, substance, matter. matertera : maternal aunt. matrimonium : marriage. maxime : especially, particularly, principally. maxime : greatly, exceedingly, to the highest degree, very. me : (abl.) me /you'll do fine with ME, baby. me : (acc.) me /that old black magic has ME in its spell. medicor : to heal, cure. medicus : doctor, physician. mediocris : ordinary, average, fair, moderate, mediocre. meditatio : practice, preparation, getting ready /consideration, pondering. meditor : meditatus : to reflect upon, consider, ponder /practice. medium : everyday life, the common good, the public eye. medius : middle, the middle of, central, midst. medie : moderately. mei : my, mine /MY heart belongs to daddy. that old gang of MINE. mel mellis : honey. melior : better. mellitus : honeyed, sweet as honey. membrana : thin skin, film, parchment, membrane, prepared skin. memini meminisse : to remember. memor : mindful, remembering, grateful, thoughful, prudent. memoratus : mentioned. memoria : memory, remembrance, recall, recollection. Menapiorum : mendiosus : full of mistakes, shot with errors mendosus : faulty, full of faults. mendum menda : fault, blemish, mistake, error mens mentis : mind, thought, intention, intellect. mensa : table. mensis mensis : month. merces mercedis : pay, reward, recompense, compensation. mereo : deserve, gain, obtain, serve as a soldier. mereo mereor : deserve, earn, be entitled to, merit. meretrix meretricis : prostitute, whore, harlot. meridianus : midday, afternoon, south. messis : the harvest, in-bringing, crop. messor : reaper, harvester. mestitia : misfortune? Metim : Metz. metuo : to fear, dread, be frightened. metus : fear, dread, anxiety. meus : my. mica : crumb, morsel, grain /small loaf. micans : twinkling, sparkling, shining, gleaming, flashing, glowing. michina : nostril. mico : to serve /quiver, shake, palpitate. mico : glitter, gleam, shine, sparkle, flash, be bright. migrus, small, puny. mihi : (dat.) me /give ME land, lots of land. miles militis : soldier, warrior, knight. milia : (pl.) thousands. militaris -e : of a soldier, military, martial. militus : ground, milled (of grain). mille : a thousand. millies milies : a thousand times. minae : battlements, parapets /threats, menaces. minagium : duty of the sale of grain. miniatus : damaged, diminished, lessened, decreased. minime : in the least degree, very little/not at all, by no means minimus : least, smallest, slightest. ministro : to attend, wait upon, assist. ministro : to serve, wait upon, provide, supply. minor : smaller, less, slighter. minuo minui minutum : To less, diminish, decrease, grow smaller. minuo : to draw blood, let blood, to bleed (someone). minutor : miner miracula : miraculum : a miracle play. miraculose : miraculously. mire : wonderfully, mervellously, uncommonly. mirifice : wonderfuly, marvelously, extraordinarily miro : to wonder. miror : to marvel at, admire, wonder. mirus : wonderful, astonishing, extraordinary. misceo miscui mixtum : to mix, mingle, blend. miser : wretched, unfortunate, miserable. miserabile : sadly, mournfully, wretchedly miserabilis : sad, wretched, mournful, plaintive misere : wretchedly, miserably. misereo, misereor : to pity. misericordia : pity, mercy. missa : holy mass mitesco : to grow mild, ameliorate. mitigo : to make mild or ripe, make smooth, pacify, appease. mitis : mild, gentle /ripe, mature. mitto : misi : missum : to send, dispatch. modestus : orderly, within bounds, moderate, restrained. modica : moderate, within bounds, limited, undistinguished. modicus : ordinary, undistinguished, within bounds. modio : a grain measure, a bushel basket. modo : now, just now, only. modo...modo : at one time ... at another. modus : measure, bound, limit /manner, method, mode, way. moenia : walls, fortifications of a city /ramparts /castle, fortress Moguntium : Mainz. moleste : take annoyance/ moleste fero I take annoyance. molestia : annoyalce, troublesomeness /stiffness, affectation. molestus : troublesome, disagreeable, annoying. molior : to build, erect, construct, contrive, toil, struggle. mollio : to soften, make pliant. mollis : soft, pliant, flexible, easily moved, gentle. monachus : monk. Monasteriense : Mnster. monasterium : monastery, abbey, convent. moneo : to warn, admonish, remind, advise, instruct. monitio : admonition, warning. mons montis : mountain, mount. monstro : to show, appoint, point out, ordain, appoint, nominate. monstrum : portent, omen, monster. Montensem : Mons. mora : delay moratlis : mortal. morbus : sickness, disease, illness. mores, morium : ways, conduct, character, morals. morior : to die, wither away, decay. mors mortis : death. morsus : a biting, bite, also, sting, pain. mortalitas : the state of being mortal/ death, a dying mortifera : deadly things mortuus : dead, deceased, passed away, gone West, departed. mos : moris/ will, inclination/ custom, wont, usage, rule. motus-us : m, motion (earth quake) moveo moti motum : to move, arouse, affect, influence. mox : soon, presently, then, thereupon. mucro : a sharp point, edge, dagger point. mugio : to groan, bellow, roar, low. mulier : woman. multi : many, numerous /the common herd. multiplex: manifold, many-fold, many times / tortuous multipliciter : in many ways, in various ways multo : by much, by far, by a great deal, by a lot. multum : much, greatly. multus : much, great multus : ne multus : briefly, in brief. multus plus plurimum : much, a lot. mundo : to clean. mundus : clean, neat, elegant. mundus : world, universe. munero/munerior : to give, present. munimentum : fortification, protection, defenses. munio : to fortify, defend, protect /build a road. munitio : fortifying, defense works, bridging, fortification. munus : muneris : service, office, function, duty /gift. mus muris : mouse. mussito : to grumble, mutter. mutatio : change, alteration, transformation. muto : punish, fine, mulct. muto : to change, alter /exchange. mutuo : borrowed, lend, mutuus : a loan. dare mutuum : to make a loan. mutuus : interchanged, mutually, reciprocal / reciprocity. N: nam : but now, on the other hand /surely, for it is certain nam : conj, for, for example, instance nam : namque : (conj.) for /for example, for instance /but now, certainly. Namucense : Namur. narro : to make known, say, speak, narrate. nascor nasci natus : to be born, spring forth. natalis natalis : birthday. natio : nation, people. natio nationis : nation, race, people, breed /pagan people natu : (ab,sing.) by birth. natura : nature nauta : sailor. navale : ship's station, dockyard. navigatio : voyage, navigation. navigo : to sail, navigate. navis navis : ship, vessel, boat. navitas : energy, get up and go. ne ... quidem : not ... even. ne : (conj.) that ... not, in order that ... not, in order not to. nebulosus : misty, foggy. nec ... nec : neither nor. nec : conj, and not nec tamen : and yet ... not. necdum (neque dum) : and not yet. necessarius : necessary, needed, essential, necessary. necesse : (adj.) necessary, unavoidable, indispensable. necne : or not. necnon : and also. neco : to kill, slay, put to death. necto : to tie up, bind, fasten nefas : wrong, sin. nego : to deny, refuse a request, deny something to someone negotium : employment, business, task, occupation, pains. nemo : no one, nobody. nemorosus : wooded, covered with trees, forested neo : to spin, interweave. (to spin thread and yarn). nepos nepotis : grandson. nequam : worthless, good for nothing, bad. nequaquam : by no means, not at all. neque ... neque : neither ... nor. neque nec : and not, nor. nequeo : not to be able, to be impossible. nequequam : by no means, not at all nequiter : wretchedly nequitia nequities : worthlessness, badness, wickedness. nescio : to be ignorant, be unaware, not know, be unkowing. nichilominus : nevertheless. nidor : vapor, smell, reek, odor. niger : black. nihil : (undeclinable) nothing nihildom : nothing as yet nihilominus : nevertheless nihilominus nichilominus : nevertheless, notwithstanding nihilum : nothing. nimirum : of course, undoubtedly, certainly (sometimes ironical). nimis : (adv.) too much, overmuch, excessively nimis : adv. too much, overmuch, excessively nimium : (adv.) too much, overmuch, excessively. nisi : if not, unless, except. niteo : to shine, glitter, be bright, glow, be sleek, flourish. nitesco : to begin to shine, grow sleek. nitesco : to begn to shine /to grow fat or sleek nitidus : bright, shining /fat, sleek /flowering nitor : brillance, brightness, glow, elegance, splendor. nitor : to rest, lean, support oneself / trust in, depend upon. nitor : to strive, exert oneself, make an effort, persevere. nitor : splendor, glow, elegance, brilliance, brightness. Nivellensem : Nivelles, city and monastery. niveus : white, snowy. nixor : to lean against /strive, strain, labor, struggle. nixus : strain, effort. no : (nare, navi) to swim, float, fly, sail. no : -are : being done, made nobis : (abl.) us /there'll be no one as happy as US. nobis : (dat.) us /the world belongs to US. nocens : bad, wicked, injurious, culpable, evil. noceo : (+ dat.) to do harm to, inflict injury, hurt. noceo : do harm, inflict injury. nolo : nolle : nolui : to be unwilling, wish not to, refuse. nomen : name. nomen Romanorum : Roman power. nominatim : by name, expressly. nomine tenus : nominally, in name. non solum :... sed etiam : not only ... but also non : not. nondum : not yet nonnisi : not? not unless? nonnullus : some /pl. several. nonnumquam : sometimes. nonus : ninth. nos : us /they tried to tell US we're too young. nos : we /WE live and die by that creed. nosco : to become acquainted with, get to know. noster nostra nostrum : our, ours. noster nostri : our ours /that old dream of OURS noster nostri : our ours /OUR hearts beat as one. nota : mark, token, note, sign. notabilis : -e, noteworthy, notable, notorious notarius : stenographer (class.), notary, legal scribe. noto-are : make note, mark down novem : nine. novitas : newness, novelty, strangeness. novo : to make anew, refresh, revive, change, alter, invent. novus : new, fresh, young, inexperienced, revived, refreshed. novus : novel, unusual, extraordinary /news, novelty, a new thing nox noctis : night. nullus : not any, no, none. numerus : total, category, class, number. numquam : at no time, never. nunc : now, at the present time, soon, at this time. nunc quidem : at one time...then. nuncupo : to call, proclaim nunquam : never. nuntio : to announce, report, relate. nuntium-i : n, messenger nuntius : messenger, message. nuper : newly, recently, not long ago. nusquam : nowhere, in no place, nothing, for nothing, never. nusquam esse : not to exist. nusquam : nowhere, on no occasion / nusquam esse -- not exist nutrimens : food, nourishment. nutrimentus : nourishment. nutrio : to suckle, nourish, bring up, rear. nutus : a nodding, nod, command, will. nutus : a nod, command, will / gravitation, movement down. O: obdormio : to fall asleep. obduco : to draw over, cover/ lead against / pass, spend obduro : to be hard, persist, endure, last, hold out. obicio obieci obiectum : to offer, throw in someone's teeth. obligatus : bound, under an obligation. obliquo : to turn sideways, turn aside. oblittero : to cancel, blot out. oblivio : forgetfulness, oblivion. obruo : to overwhelm, destroy. obsequium : indulgence, pliancy, submission. obses : (obsidis) hostage, security, pledge, surety obsideo : to sit near /haunt, frequent /besiege, invest obsido : blockage, besiege, invest obstinatus : firm, resolved, staunch. obtestor : to implore, entreat, beg, call as a witness. obtineo : to hold, keep, possess, maintain /to continue. obviam : on the way, in the way /(+ dat.) towards, against. obviam ire : (+ dat.) to go to meet, oppose /help, remedy. obviam : (adverb) in the way, on the way, toward obvius : on the way, in the way / (in dat.) open, accessible. obvolvo : to wrap up, cover, occasio : favorable moment, opportunity. occasus : setting (of the sun, etc)/ the west /fall, destruction. occatio : harrowing. occidio : slaughter, massacre. occido : occidi : occasum : to fall, fall down, (for the sun) to set. occisor : murderer. occludo : to close, shut up, close off. occulco : to trample (down). occulte : secretly, in secret, by stealth. occulto : to hide, conceal, cover. occultus : hidden, concealed /secretly. occumbo : to fall, topple, drop /fall dead. occupo : to take possession, grasp, seize, enjoy, get a start on. occurro : to occur / run to meet, attack /oppose, work against occuro : to occur, come about, happen. occursus : a meeting. ocius : quick. fleet, sooner, faster. oculus : eye. odio : to hate, despite, hold in contempt, dislike strongly. odium : hatred. odorus : keen scenter, sharp nosed. oestrus : horse-fly, frenzy. offa : lump, swelling /pellet, shot /mass of something. offendo : to knock, hit, strike /shock, offend, displease /stumble, lurch. offensio : striking, knocking, hitting against, blow. offensus : collision, shock /dislike, displeasure. offero : to bring forward, place before, present, offer, expose. officina : workshop, factor. officiosus : respectful, attentive. officium : duty, service, job. olim : at that time, formerly, once, for a long time now. omitto : to omit, leave out /let go. omitto : to let slip, lose, pardon omnigenus : of all kinds. omnino : altogether, entirely, wholly, certainly, completely. omnipotens : all-powerful, almighty, omnipotent omnis : all, every. onero : to load, burden, oppress, fil up. onus : load, burden, weight, trouble / charge, public road tax. opera : work, pains, labor. operor : to work, labor, toil, take pains. opes : (pl.) means, wealth, abundance, riches, resources. opinio : opinion, report, rumor, conjecture, report. opinor : -atus, 1, dep. v, to be of the opinion of opisthotonos : A disease where the body is curved backward. oporotheca : place for keeping fruit oportet : it is proper, one should, one ought oportet : imper v., to assume it shall be, reasonable, necessary oportet : it is fitting, it is proper, reasonable, becoming oportunitas : convenience, fitness, advantage, opportunity. oppono opposui oppositum : to set against, oppose, be opposite. opportune : (adv) opportunely, conveniently. opportunitas : fitness, suitability, convenience, advantage. opportunitatus : Heriman, cap. 42. opportunus : opportune, fit, convenient, suitable. opportunus : fit, suitable/ (time) favorable /(+dat.) liable to. opprimo oppressi oppressum : to suppress, overwhelm, overpower, check. opprobrium : reproach, disgrace. oppugno : to fight against, attack, assault, assail. ops : singular: power, poer to aid, power to help optimates : the aristocratic party. optimus: one of the best, aristocrat, noble. opto : to desire, wish for, want. opulens : opulentus : rich, wealthy / powerful, mighty / splendid, sumptuous opulente : opulenter : richly, wealthily opulentia : riches, wealth / power, might / opulence, splendor opus operis : work, labor, work done, completed work, building opusculus : a little or small work, a small book ora : region, clime, district, country / residents of a district ora : edge, rim, border, boundary / coast, coast-line oraculum : a solemn statement, oracle, prophecy, words of a god oratio : speech, address, oration. orator : orator, speaker. spokesman, envoy, ambassador oratorie : oratorically oratorius : oratorical / oratory oratu : (abl.sing.m.) by request orbis signifer : the Zodiac orbis : circle, orb, ring, disk, orbit, coil/ round / rotation orbis lacteus : the Milky Way orbis terrarum : the world, the Earth orbita : a wheel rut orbitas : bereavement, loss of children, loss of parents orbus : deprived of children or parents, orphan / deprived, destitute orca : a pot or jar orchas : orchadis : a type of olive orchestra : theater space reserved for the Senate / senators ordinarius : according to order, regular, ordinary ordinatim : regularly, ordinarily ordinatio : rule, government, order, arrangment, regulation ordinatus : arranged, orderly ordine, ordinem : regularly, appropriately, properly ordino : (-are) to set in order, regulate, arrange, appoint, govern ordior : ordiri : orsus : to begin, start (esp. of speaking) ordo : rank, class, order orexis : appetite, desire organum : instrument, musical instrument. orgia : a festival of mysteries, orgy orichalcum : copper ore / brass oriens : rising, the rising sun / east / morning origo : originis : origin, start, source, beginning / ancestor orior oriri ortus : rise, become visible, appear. orior : to be born / to be a consequence or result of something orior : rise, become visible, appear oriundus : arising from, springing from, coming from ornamentum : equipment, kit, trappings / furniture / decorations ornamentum : weapons / honor, distinction ornate : splendidly, ornately, elegantly ornatus : dress, attire, equipment, ornament, embellishment. orno : to equip, furnish, supply / decorate, adorn ornus : mountain ash oro : to speak, argue, plead, orate, beg, entreat orsa : orsorum : beginning, start, undertaking / first few words orsus : a beginning, undertaking, initiative ortus : -us, m, birth, origin, rising / origin, source oryx : origis : gazelle, wild goat oryza : rice os : oris : mouth, opening, source / a mask os : oris : face, countenance, sight / expression os : ossis : (n) a bone ostendo : show, reveal, present, make plain, declare. ostendo : -ere-di sum, to show, to exhibit ostium : entrance, door. otium : free time, leisure, ease, peace, repose. ovis ovis : sheep. P: paciscor : to make a bargain or agreement, covenant, deal. paciscor : to make an agreement, covenant, pact. pactum : agreement, contract, covenant, pact. pactum : treaty, pact, contract. pactus : agreed-upon, stipulated, betrothed. paecipio : to warn, admonish /teach, instruct paene, pene : nearly, almost. paganus : countryman, peasant, pagan pagatim : in vilages, in a village manner, in a rusticway pala : spade, peel for putting bread in the oven palam : openly, publicly, (+abl.) in the presence of palea : chaff palestra : gymnasium, wrestling school paliurus : a plant, Christ's thorn pallens : pale, wan, pale yellow, pale green /weak, drooping palleo : be pale, be yellow pallesco : (+ acc.) grow pale at pallidus : pale, wan; causing paleness pallium : coverlet, mantle, cloak. pallor : paleness, fading palma : palm palmarium : excellent, splendid, outstanding palmula : blade of an oar palor : (dep.) to wander, stray, err palpito : throb, tremble, shake palpo : carress, stroke /coax, cajole, flatter paludosus : swampy, marshy, boggy palus : pale, stake /swamp, bog, marsh paluster : marshy, swampy, boggy pando : to stretch out, spread out, extend pandus : curved, crooked, arched, bowed pango : to fix, hammer in, drive in, fasten panis : (-is) bread pannus : rag, patch, piece of cloth panthera : leopard, panther papas : tutor papaver : poppy papilla : teat, breast, nipple pappo : -are; to eat papula : a pimple par : equal, like paratus : preparation, fitting out, equipment. paratus : prepared, ready, equipped; (of persons) skilled parce : moderately, economically parco : (+inf.: to forebear to), avoid, spare, keep oneself from. parco : (with dative) to spare, refrain from injuring parcus : sparing, thrifty, economical, moderate pardus : panther, leopard parens : parentis : parent. pareo : (+ dat.) to be obedient to, obey. paries parietis : wall (of a house) parilis : similar, like, equal pario, to bear, bring forth, produce/ create, make, get. pariter : equally, in like manner, as well. pariter : alike, at the same time, together paro : to prepare, get ready/ set, put/ furnish, supply/ buy. pars partis : part, share /direction. partim : partly /some. parum minus minime : (adv.) little, too little, not enough. parum : too little, too few, not enough parumper : for a short time, for a little while, for a bit parvulus : child, infant, young, little /very small, tiny parvus minor minimus : small, little pasco : to graze, forage, browse. passer : sparrow. passim : adv. far and wide, everywhere, scattered about /indiscriminately. patefacio : to disclose, expose, open, make open patella : dish, platter, plate pateo : to be revealed, to stand open, to be clear, plain. pateo : to be open, be exposed pater patris : father. paterna : of a father, paternal, native paternus : of a father, paternal, native patesco : to be laid open, bare, exposed, to be revealed patibilis : endurable, bearable, sufferable patiens : patient /(+ gen.) capable of enduring. patientia : patience, suffering, endurance patina : a dish patior : to suffer, endure, permit. patria : fatherland, one's native country, homeland patricius : a nobleman patrocinor : to protect, defend, support, patronize. patronus : patron, protector. patruus : paternal uncle. pauci : few, a few, some. paulatim : gradually, litle by little. paulisper : for a little while, for a short time. paululum : very small, very little pauper : beggar, person without means. pauper : poor, with few means, poverty-stricken. paupertas : beggardry, poverty, humble circumstances. pax pacis : peace, truce, treaty pax pacis : peace peccamen : sin, fault, error peccatus : sin. pecco : to do wrong, err, sin, go astray. pecto : to comb, card, thrash (to card wool). pectus : pectoris : heart, breast peculium : a bit of money, a small property pecunia : money. pecuniosus : rich, wealthy \profitable, lucrative pecus : a single head of cattle, especially a sheep/ a herd pedes : going on foot, walking /foot-soldier, infantryman peior : worse (see malus). pello pepulli pulsum : to hit, beat /exile, drive away, banish peloris : a clam pelvis : font pendeo : to hang, depend, be suspended /be uncertain, undecided. pendo : to weigh, value, consider, judge, esteem penetrabilis : capable of being penetrated / penetrating, piercing penetralis : passing through, penetrating / internal, inner / penetralis : (noun) interior, inner rooms penetranter : deeply, penetratingly, searchingly penetro : to put into, pass through, penetrate penicullus : a painter's brush, pencil, stylus peniculus : a sponge, brush penis : tail penitens : (penitentis) a penitent penitentia : penance penintentiarius : confessor, penintentiary penitio : to do penance penitus : (adverb) accurately, thoroughly, wholly, entirely penitus : (adv.) inside, widely, through and through, completely penitus : inward, inner, internal, interior penna : feather, wing pennatus : winged, with feathers penniger : winged, with feathers pennipes : wing-footed, swift, fleet pennipotens : capable of flight pennipotenti : birds pensilis : hanging pensio : a weighing out / paying, payment, rent / day of payment pensito : to weigh carefully, weigh out / pay / ponder, consider, think over penso : (-are) to weigh out / estimate, ponder, consider / pay, purchase penuria : penurium :lack, want, penury penuriosus : penurious, poor, poverty-stricken. penus, us : provisions, supplies, victuals peplum : robe of state pepulo : ? Herimann, cap. 3. per : (+ acc.) (means/instrument) through, with, by, by means of. per : (+ acc.) (cause) because of, on account of. per : (+ acc.) (of space) through, along, over / in the presence of. per : (+ acc.) (of time) throughout, during, in the course of. per : (prefix to an adjective) very, excessively, quite pera : wallet, purse, bag peractio : completion, finishing, end peracto : to carry through, complete, accomplish peraeque : quite equally peragito : (-are) to harass, push around perago : (-ere) to harass, disturb / mention / complete, accomplish perago : (legal) to prosecute to the end peragro : to wander through, travel through. per antea : before, formerly. percipio percepi perceptum : to gain, learn, perceive, understand. percontor percunctor : inquire, interrogate, investigate. perculsus : a shock. percutio (percussum) : to strike hard, pierce, transfix /shock. perdignus : very worthy. perditio : loss, destruction perdo : to destroy, ruin, waste, scatter, squander. perdo : to lose, destroy perduco : to lead through, conduct, carry through. perduco: perduxi : perductum : bring through, spread over peregrinus : wanderer, foreigner, stranger / pilgrim, crusader. pereo : to pass away, be destroyed, perish. perfectus : complete, finished, done /perfect, without flaw. perfero : to bear, suffer, endure. perfero: pertulit : to endure, undergo perficio : perfeci : perfectum: to do thoroughly, accomplish, bring about. perfidia : treachery, faithlessness. perfidiosus : treacherous, faithless perfringo : to break through, penetrate /shatter. perfruor : to execute completely, enjoy to the full. perfusus : steeped, soaked, drenched. pergo : to continue, proceed, go on with. periclitatus : put in peril, endangered. periclitor : to test make a trial, put in peril, endanger. periculosus : hazardous, dangerous. periculum : danger, risk. perimo peremi peremptum : to destroy peritus : skilled, expert. periurium : perjury, oath-breaking, foreswearing an oath. perlustro : to pass through, survey, look, examine. permaximum : the very greatest. permeo : to pass through. permitto permissi permissum : to allow, permit, let. permoveo : to excite, agitate, stir up, move. perniciosus : pernicious, destructive. perperam : wrongly, falsely. perpetro : to complete, accomplish, perform. perpetuus : perpetual, lasting, continuous, uninterrupted. perscitus : very clever, exceedingly sharp. per sic quod : on condition that, with the understanding that. perscribo : to write out, write down, place on record. perseco : to cut through, dissect, cut away. persequor : to persecute, hunt down, track, trail. persequor persequi persecutus : to follow, pursue, take revenge. perseverantia : perseverence, persistence. persevero : to persist, persevere, continue. persisto : to persist, persevere. persolvo : to unloose, explain, expound /pay off a debt, pay. personam gero : to act a part. persona : actor's mask, part, role /character, personality. persona : [medieval] one holding an honor, official, magnate. perspicuus : transparent, bright, clear, evident. persto : to persist, remain firm. persuadeo persuasi persuasum : (+ dat.) to persuade. perterreo : to terrify. pertimesco : to become very much afraid. pertinacia : firmness, obstinacy, stubborness. pertinaciter : stubbornly, obstinately. pertinax : persistent, firm, mean, stubborn, obstinate pertineo : to pertain to, relate to, concern. pertingo : to stretch out, extend. pertorqueo : to twist, distort. pertraho : to drag, forcibly conduct, entice, allure. perturbo : to disturb, trouble, perturb, disrupt. perturpis : very disgraceful. peruro perussi perustum : to burn up, consume /inflame, gall, chafe. pervalidus : very strong. pervenio : (+ acc.) to reach, attain, reach, be passed to. perverto perverti perversum : to turn upside down, overturn, overthrow. pervideo pervidi pervisum : to look over, survey, inspect, discern. pes pedis : foot. pessimus : worst (see malus) pessum : to the ground, to the bottom, downward. pessum dare : to destroy, ruin, wreck pessum ire : to sink, be ruined, destroyed, be put to an end. pestifer : pestilential, injurious, damaging, plaguey, pestifere : destructively, injurously. pestilencia : pestilence, plague pestis pestis : plague, epidemic, pestilence /destruction, curse. petitus : inclining toward peto : to ask for, beg, request, demand / to sue for. peto : to make for, go to, seek, strive after. Pevela : Pevele, near Cisoing. pharetra : a quiver. phasma phasmatis : ghost, spirit, specter. philologus : scholar, learned man / adj. learned, literary. phitonicum : Herimann p. 275. phthisis : consumption, tuberculosus. physiologus : a natural science. pia pium : honest, godly, holy, pious, dutiful, patriotic. piaculum : a victim, sacrifice, atonement, punishment /a sin, crime. pica : jay, magpie. picea : the spruce tree pictor : painter picturatus : painted / of cloth, embroidered. picus : woodpecker. pie : adv, piously, religiously pietas : dutifulness, dutiful comduct, piety, devotion, kindness. piger pigra pigrum : lazy, slow, dull. pignus : pawn, pledge, token, (in pl.) persons in pledges of pilo : to shave, sut the hair. pilosus : hairy, covered with hair pilum : heavy javelin pilus : a single hair /a trifle. pinetum : pine wood. pingo : pixi : pcitum : to paint, embroider, draw /stain, dye /decorate. pinguesco : to grow fat, sleek. pinguis : fat, oily, rich, sleek, /fertile. pinguitudo : fatness, rotundity. piper, piperis : pepper. pipio : to chirp, tweet, pipe. pirum : pear. pirus : pear tree. piscator : fisherman. piscis piscis : fish. pius: dutiful, godly, holy, upright, kind, honest, affectionate. placeo : (+ dat.) to please, be agreeble to placet : it is agreed, it is resolved, it seems good. placide : quitely, gently. placidus : quiet, still, gentle. placitum : judgment, case/ plea, litigation / defense. placitum : accord, agreement, pact /assembly for judgment. placo : to placate, appease. plaga : plague (Vulgate), affliction, scourge plaga : a blow, stroke, wound, buffet, plaga : district, zone, region plagiarius : kidnapper, plagiarist plane : plainly, clearly. plango planxi planctum : to strike, beat /bewail, mourn. platea : street, courtyard. plaustrum : wagon, cart, Charles' Wain, the Big Dipper. plebs plebis : the common people, the masses, the crowd. plecto : to punish. plector : to be punished. plene : (adv.) completely, wholly, fully. plenus : full, complete, full, satisfied, rich, mature, plump. plerumque : for the most part, generally, commonly, mostly. plerusque : very many, a great number, a large part, the greater part. plico : to fold. plorabilis : deplorable. ploratio : lamentation, mourning, weeping. plorator : a lamenter. ploratus : weeping, lamenting. ploro : to lamen, weep, weep over. pluit : pluvit : it is raining, a shower is falling. pluma : feather /featherbed /pen. plumbeus : leaden, made of lead /dull, stupid, heavy, opressive, bad. plumbum album : tin. plumbum : lead, a bullet, lead pipe. pluo : to rain, shower, sprinkle. plura : more numerous, several, many. plures : more numerous, several, many. pluries : often, frequently plurimi : at the highest price, of the highest worth. plurimus : most, very many. pluris : (gen.) at a higher price, of a great value plus : more. plusculus : somewhat more, rather more. pluvia : rain, shower. pluvialis : pertaining to rain, of rain. pocius potius : rather, preferrably. pocius : = potius poema poematis : poem, verse, rhyme. poena : pain, punishment, penalty /poena dare : to pay the penalty. poeta : (masc.) poet. polenta : pearl barley, barley groats. pollen : fine flour, fine meal. (also pollis ) polleo : to be strong, powerful, able. pollex : thumb, big toe. polliceor : to promise, offer. pollicitus : promised, a promise. pomum : fruit, apple. pondera : balance, equilibrium. pondero : to weigh, consider, reflect. pondus : a pound's weight /weight, mass, load /heavy body. pono posui positum : to lay, place, put, set /(milit.) post, station. pons pontis : bridge. poposco : see posco; Herimann, cap. 28, 69. populatio : devastation, wasting /population populus : people, the people, nation, crowd, multitude, host. porro : forward, further, next, in turn, (of time) long ago. porta : gate, entrance. posco : to call upon, ask ernestly, request. positus : position, place, arrangment. possessio : possession, property. possum posse potum : to be able, avail, have influence. post : (+ acc.) after, behind. post modum : afterwards, presently, shortly postea : afterwards. posteri : posterity. posterus, postremo : subsequent, following, next, future. posthabeo : to put after, consider of less account, [posthabito]. postpono : to put after, consider secondary. postquam : (conj.) after. postulatio : a demand, request, desire /complaint. postulator : plaintiff, complainant. postulo : to ask, demand, require /summon, prosecute, impeach, try postulo : to complain /contain, measure /need, require. potens : able, mighty, powerful, strong. potentia : f, might, power, authority potestas : power, ability, authority /opportunity. potior : (+ gen. or dat.) to possess, hold, get possession of. potissimum : (adv.) chiefly, most of all. potissimus : best of all, chief, principal. potius : comp. adj, in order that, rather potius : rather, preferably prae dulcis : pre dulcis : exceedingly sweet. prae pre : (adv.) before, in front. prae quam : pre quam : in comparison with. prae : pre : (prep. with abl.) before, in front of. prae se ferre / pre se ferre : to show, exhibit, on account of. praebeo : prebeo : to offer, hold out, supply, provide, allow. praebeo : prebeo : (+ refl.) to show oneself, present oneself. praecedo : precedo : to precede, go before /surpass, excell. praecedo : praecessi :praecessum : to go, result praecelsus : precelsus : exceedingly high. praecepio : precepio : precept, preconception. praeceptum : preceptum : precept. praecido : to cut short, lop, mutilate. praeparo : preparo : to prepare, ready, make ready, arrange. praecipio : precipio : to instruct, advise, warn, anticipate. praecipue : adv, especially praecipue : especially, chiefly praeclarus : preclarus : excellent, famous, beautiful, striking. praeconor : preconor : to be a public crier, to herald, proclaim. praecox : precox : ripe beforehand, premature. praeda : preda : plunder, booty, spoils of war, loot, gain, prey. praedicare : to preach praedicatio : preaching (s), foretelling (s), condemning praedico : predico : to warn, admonish, instruct, foretell. praeeo : preeo : to go before, precede /to say in advance /to order. praefatus-i : m, before mentioned praefero : prefero : anticipate, carry by, ride by. praefero : prefero : to carry in front, display, prefer. praeficio : preficio /prefeci prefectum : to put in charge of praefinio : prefinio : to appoint ahead of time praefoco : prefoco : to choke, suffocate. praegravo : pregravo : to press heavily upon, weigh down, oppress. praeire : to go before praemitto : to send forward, dispatch, send in advance. praemium : premium : reward, prize. praemo : premo : to press down, strike down. praenuntio : prenuntio : to foretell, announce before hand. praenuntius : prenuncius : foretelling, harbinger, omen, token. praepono : prepono : to set over, prefer. praepositus prepositus : (monastic) prior. praeproperus, preproperus: over-hasty, precipitate. praesentia presentia : presence, presence of mind, effect, power. praesidium presidium : guard, garrison, detachment /protection. praesieo-sedi-ere : to sit before, preside, command praestans prestans : excellent, distingished, imminent. praestantia prestantia: superiority, excellence. praesto presto : to do, perform, display, fulfill, offer, present. praesto : to stand before, be outstanding, excell, surpass, show. praesto presto : to answer for, be responsible for. praestolatio prestolatio : the waiting for, expectation. praesul presul : dancer /presider, protector, director. praesum presum : to be at the head of, be in charge of. praesum : v, to be before praesumo presumo : to anticipate, take for granted. praeter : adv, beyond, after praeter : adj., except; prep. + acc., besides, beyond, more than. praeterea : preterea : besides, further, hereafter. praeterea : adv, besides, moreover, as indeed it is praetereo : pretereo : to pass over, pass by, omit. praeteritus : preteritus : past. praetermissio : pretermissio : neglect, passing over, omission. praetorgredior : pretergredior : to pass betond, go beyond. praevenio : get the start of. praevenio, prevenio : to come before, anticipate. praevius : previous, former. pravitas : crookedness, depravity, deformity, perversity. pravus : depraved, wicked, evil, perverse precipio : to anticipate, instruct, advise, warn. precipue : chiefly, especially, particularly. precipuus : excellent, distinguished, special, extraordinary. precipue : especially, particularly, chiefly. precor : to pray, beg, entreat, invoke. prehendo : to seize, snatch, grasp, detain, arrest. premo pressi pressum : to squeeze, press down, strike down. premo : squeeze, press down, strike down. prenda : booty, loot, stolen goods. prepositus : reeve, steward, provost, prior, abbot presertim praesertim : especially, chiefly pretereo : to go by, pass by, escape. pretium : price, vaue, reward. prevenire : to come to, go before hand, attend. prex precis : request, entreaty, prayer. primitus : first, for the first time. primo : first, at first, at the beginning, at the start. primordia : atoms primordium : first beginning, origin primoris : first, foremost /most distinguished, first. primoris : first, foremost, at the top, uppermost primum : quam primum : as soon as possible. primum : at first, for the first time, in the first place. princeps : chief, prince. principatus : rule, dominion, pre-eminence, first place. principium : beginning. prior : prius : former, prior. priores : um : forefathers, ancestors. priscus : ancient, antique, former, old days, venerable. pristinus : former, venerable, ancient. prius : before, formerely. priusquam : (conj.) before. privatus : private, unofficial, a private person. privigna : step-daughter. privo : to deprive privus : (with gen.) deprived of. pro : (+ abl.) in return for, instead of /for, as. pro eo : because of the fact, because, for this reason.. pro : (+ abl.) in front of, before /on behalf of, for. probatur : from probo-are, to judge, test, examine probitas : probity, uprightness, honesty. probo : to show, prove, demonstrate, approve, find good, judge. procedo : to go out, come out /result, prosper /turn out well. procedo : to go ahead, proceed, advance, continue. procella : storm, tempest, gale; (milit) charge, onset, wave. procer : chief noble, prince. procinctu : prepared or ready for battle. procul : far, at, to, from a distance. procuratio : management, administration, diretion, supervision. procurator : manager, bailiff, agent. procuro : to take care of, manage prodeo : advance, go forward, appear, go forth, sally forth. prodico : to put off, delay. prodigentia : profusion, prodigiality. prodigialiter : amazingly, wonderfully. prodigiosus : unnatural, wonderful, miraculous, amazing. prodigium : prodigy, portent / monster, unnatural thing. prodigo : drive forth, waste, spend, expend. prodigus : rich, extravagant, abound in, profuse. proditio : treason, betrayal. proditio : betrayal, treason proditor : traitor, betrayer. prodo : publish, bring forth, appoint /abandon, betray. prodo : deliver, transmit, hand over. prodoceo : teach, inculcate, indoctrinate. prodromus : forerunner producto produxi productum : produce, bring forward, bring out. producto produxi productum : promote, divulge, bring to light. proeliator : warrior. proeliator preliator : fighter, warrior, combatant proelium : battle. profano : profane, desecrate. profanus : not sacred, uninitiated, ordinary, common, impious. profectio : departure, source, origin. profecto : truly, really, indeed. profero : to carry out, bring forth/ advance, impell/cite, mention. profero : to enlarge, extend/ delay, postpone professio : declaration, profession/ trade, art, craft, profession. professor : authority, expert. professorius : authoritative. proficio : to make progress, advance. proficio : advance, assist, help, aid, be of use. proficiscor : to depart, set out, to start forward, to arise. proficuus : proficiscor : to start forward, set out, depart, arise. profiteor: to acknowledge, confess / offer, promise. profiteor: to make a public statement / to declare oneself. profor profari profatus : to speak out. profugus : fleeing, fugitive, banished, migratory. profundo frofui profusum : to pour forth, gush, stream. profundum : a depth, abyss, chasm /the sea. profundus : deep, profound, high, thick, dense, boundless. progener : husband of a grand-daughter. progenero : to produce, engender. progenies : descent, lineage, progeny, offspring, descendants. progenitor : founder of a family, ancestor. progigno progenui progenitum : to engender, briing forth. prognatus : born, sprung from /son. progredior : to go forth, advance, proceed, go out. progressio : advance, progress, increase. progressus : advance, going forward, increase, a royal circuit. prohibeo : to prevent, hinder, restrain, prohibit, forbid. prohibitio : prohibition, restrain, forbidding. proicio : to throw forth, fling, abandon. proinde ut: proinde quam: just as. proinde : consequently, therefore, as a result. proinde quasi : proinde ac si : just as if. prolabor : to slide forward, slip forward, fall forward, fall down. prolapsio : a slipping or sliding. prolatio : a bringing forward, mentioning /extension /deferring. prolato : to enlarge, lengthen, extend /put off, defer. prolecto : to entice, allure. proles : offspring, descendants, posterity, (plants : fruit). proletarius : a citizen of the lowest rank. prolicio prolixi : to lure forth, entice. prolix : long, stretching. prolixus : wide, broad, long / willing, obliging, favorable. proloquor : to speak out, declare openly. proluo prolu prolutum : to wash away, wash clean. prolusio : preliminary exercise, prelude. proluvier : innundation /scouring /discharge. promereo : promereor : to deserve, merit promeritum : desserts, merit, credit.promissio : a promise. prominens : jutting out, standing out /a projection. promineo : to stand out, jut, extend. promisce : promiscue : indiscrimately. promiscus promiscuus : mixed, indiscriminate /commonplace, usual. promissio : a promise promissor : a promiser, suretor, guarantor. promitto : to let go, send forth, undertake, promise. promitto : to let go forward, send forth, promise, undertake. promo prompsi promptum : to produce, disclose, bring forth. promontorium : peak, mountain crest, ridge, promontory. promoveo promovi promotum : push forward, move ahead, advance. prompte : promptly, resolutely, readily. promptu : in promptu ponere : to make clear, reveal, disclose. promptu : in promptu habere : to have read, display, have on show. promptu : in promptu esse : to be ready, to be easy, to be clear. promptus : (persons) prepared, resolute, prompt. promptus : ready at hand, visible, apparent. promulgatio : publication, promulgation (of a law). promus : steward, butler. promutuus : (cash) advanced, prepaid, arragned beforehand. pronepos proneptos : great-grandson pronuntio : to proclaim, announce, declaim. propago-are : to spread, propagate prope : near, near to, not far, not long from now. prope : near, nearly, not far from, just now, closely. propello : to drive before one, drive away. propero : to hasten / accelerate, speed up. propero : to hasten, speed, move rapidly, come quickly. propinquo : (intrans) to come near, draw near, approach. propinquus : near, close, similar, nearly related. propitius : favorable, gracious. propono : display, publish, relate, tell, propose, promise. propositum : a design, purpose, scheme, theme of discourse. proprie : exclusively, particularly, peculiarly. properly. proprius : characteristic, particular. proprius : one's own, permanent, special, peculiar. propter : (+ acc.) near, close, on account of, because of. propugnaculum : fortification, rampart, defense. prorsus : forward, straight ahead, to sum up, utterly, wholly. prosequor (prosecutus) : to attack, go with, pursue, attend. prosper : favorable, fortunate, lucky, prosperous. prosperitas : propserity, good fortune. prospicio : to look into the distance, contemplate. prosterno : to knock down, cast down /destroy, ruin. prosum (profuturus) : to be useful, of benefit, do good. prosum : (with dat.) to be useful, do good, benefit. protestor, protesto : to declare in public, affirm, bear witness. prothonotario : protonotary protinus : forward, further on, continuously, immediately. protraho (protractus): to draw out, rpotact, defer, make known. prout : as, just as, according to. provectus : advanced, advanced in age. provectus : aged, old, advanced in years proveho : to carry on, carry forward, advance, promote, proventus : a growing up, increase, crop, yield, or issue. provideo : to foresee, provide, make provision for. provisor : one who provides for, or against. provolvere se : to throw oneself down, abase oneself. proximus : nearest, closest, next. prudens : prudent, wise. prudenter : wisely, discreetly. prudentia : foresight, wisdom, discretion. Pruma : Prums. publicus : of the people, public, open to all. puchre : beautifully, finely, handsomely. pudendus : shameful, disgraceful. pudeo : to be ashamed, pudicus : modest. chaste. pudor : modesty, bashfulness. puella : girl. puer : boy. puerilis : childish, boyish, folish, foolish. pueriliter : boyishly, childishly, foolishly. puga pyga : buttocks. pugna : fight, battle, conflict, set-to. pugnacitas : the desire to fight, pugnacity. pugnaculum : fortress. pugnax : fond of fighting, combative, stubborn, contntious. pugno : to fight. pugnus : the fist. pulchellus : pretty. pulcher pulchra pulchrum : beautiful, handsome, fine. pulchritudo pulchritudinis : beauty, fineness. pulex : the flea. pullulo : shoot up, sprout, burgeon. pullus : dark-clorored, blackish /sad, gloomy / a dark garment. pullus : young animal /chicken, chick. pulmentum : anything eaten with bread, sauce or relish. pulmo : the lung. pulpa : flesh. pulpitum : platform, stage. pulso : to strike (the hours) pulsus : beating, blow, push, impulse, influence. pulvis : dust, powder /arena, scene of action. pumilius pumilio : a dwarf. punctum : a prick, little hole, puncture /a point, spot, place. pungo pupugi punctum : to prick, puncture, stab /touch, move. pungo pupugi punctum : to penetrate /sting, annoy, harrass. puniceus : purple, red. punio : to punish, avenge, gave vengeance. punitor : punisher, avenger. pupa : doll /little girl. pupillus pupilla : orphan, ward. puppis : stern of a ship, the poop. pupula : pupil of the eye. purgamentum : rubbish, trash, filth, sweepings. purgatio: cleaning out, cleansing /excsuing, justification. purgo : to clean, cleanse, purify/ clear away, wash off/ justify. purpura : purple dye, purple cloth /high rank, emperorship. purus : pure, free from, spotless, without stain. pusillus : tiny, puny /petty, mean. putator : pruner. puteo : to stink, be redolent, smell bad. puter : rotten, decayed, putrid /loose, crumbling /flabby. putesco : to putrefy, day, rot. puteus : well, pit. puto : to clear, settle up, consider, think, believe, suppose, judge. putus : pure, unmixed, unadulterated. pyropus : bronze. pyus pyxidis : a little box, casket. Q: qua : (adv.) by which route, where. qua : (fem. sing. abl.) (the abbess) BY WHOM she was advised. quadraginta : forty (Indecl.) quadratus : square, a square. quadrigae : four-horse team. quadrivium : crossroads, place where four roads meet. quadrivium : second stage of the medieval curriculum quadrum : a square quadruplator : an exaggerator, informer quadruplor : to be an informant. quae : (fem. pl. nom.) Let THOSE (women) WHO have ears to hear .. quae : (neut. pl. acc.) those things WHICH we must have quae : (neut. plur. nom.) WHAT cannot be avoided must be endured. quae que : (fem. sing. nom.) (the milkmaid), WHO loved a prince. quaero quero : to miss, want / seek to know / obtain, get. quaero quero : to seek, search for / ask, enquire, search for quaero: to seek, search for, get, obtain quaesitio quesitio : investigation, interrogation. quaeso queso : to seek for, ask for. quaestio questio : seeking, searching /inquiry, investigation. quaestuosus questuosus : profitable, fond of gain, rich. quaestus questus : profit, a source of profit, gainiing, getting. qualis : of what kind? of the kind that. qualiscumque : of any kind whatever, any whatever. qualislibet : of what sort you will. qualitas : quality, property, nature. qualiter : just as, in whatever manner/way quam : (adv. and conj.) how, than, as ... as possible. quam : (fem. sing. acc.) (the church), WHICH the Lord loved. quam plures : as many as possible. quamdiu : such a long time. quamobrem : for which reason, on which account, why quamobrem, quam ob rem : wherefore? why? for which reason. quamquam : nevertheless, and yet (beginning a sentence)/ though. quamquam : though, although quamtotius : ? completely, all. quamvis : (conj) however much, although/ as much as you like. quamvis : adv/conj, ever so much quando : (interr.) when si quando : if ever. quandoque : adv, of one time or another quandoquidem : since, because. quanti : for how much, at what price. quanto : by how much (+ comp. adj. or adv.) quantocius quantotius : as quickly as possible. quantocius quantotius : the sooner the better. quantum : (+ gen.) as much of ... as. quantum : adv, regard to, as much as, the more, the greater quantum : how much?, how much!, as much as. quantum in me est : as much as in me lies. quantus : how great, as great as quantus ... quantus : as great as, as much as. quantus : how great?, how great!, how much, as great as. quantuscumque quantacumque quantumcumque : however great quantuslibet : as much as you will, as great as you will. quantuvis : as great as you please, however great. quapropter : wherefore. quare : wherefore, why, because of which thing. quartus : fourth. quarum : (fem. pl. gen.) their envy and jealousy, OF WHICH we know. quas : (fem. pl. acc.) the fates, against whom he struggled quasi : as if, just as, just as if, as it were /a sort of quassatio : a shaking. quasso : to shake violently, shake to pieces, break, shatter.. quatenus/quatinus : how far, to what extent, where, seeing that. quatenus/quatinus : since, as, in order that, that. quater : four times /again and again. quattuor : four (indecl.) quem : (masc. sing. acc.) (the man), WHOM the king struck. quemadmodum : how, in what manner. quemadmodum : how? /just as, lust like quendam : a certain (one, thing, someone) queo : to be able. quercetum : an oak grove, and oak forest. quercus : oak tree. quereia querella : complaint, complaining. queribundus : complaining, plaintive, whining. querimonia : complaint, a charge in court. queritor : to complain excessively, whine, gripe. quernus : oaken. queror : to complain, lament, bewail (dogs) whine, whimper. querulus : complaining, whining, lamenting. questus : complaint, lament qui : (question) how? in what way? / somehow / wherewith qui : (masc. neut. nom.) (the prince) WHO loved a milkmaid qui : (masc. pl. nom.) Let THOSE (men) WHO have eyes to see... qui quae que quod : which, what, that quia : because. quianam : why? quiane : why? quibus : (fem. pl. dat.) the good fortune, TO WHICH he owed his crown. quibus : (fem. pl. abl.) the beards, BY WHICH the pirates were known. quibus : (masc. pl. abl.) his sons, BY WHOM he was attacked when old quibus : (masc. pl. dat.) the monastery IN WHICH he was intered. quibus : (neut. pl. dat.) the crimes FOR WHICH he was executed. quibus : (neut. pl. abl.) the arms WITH WHICH he won Rome. quicquid : whoever, whatever, whatsoever, anything at all quicum : with whom, with which quicumque : quaecumque : quodcumque : any (one, thing, etc.) available quicumque : quaecumque : quodcumque : whatsoever, anthing that, all that quid ita : why so? quid : (+ genitive) how much? how many? quid : (question) what (thing)? quidam quaedam quedam quidam : a certain person or thing / a kind of quidem : adv, certainly, at least, indeed quidem : indeed, certainly, at least/ ne ... quidem : not ... even quidne : (question) why not? quies quietis : quiet, rest, peace / a resting place / sleep / a dream quiesco :(-evi, -etum) to rest, sleep, be at ease / stop (doing something) quiete : quietly, calmly quietus : resting, sleeping, undisturbed / neutral / quiet, calm quilibet : anyone, anything, whatever (or whomever) you like quin : (with verbs of hindering, etc.) "without + participle" quin : but come now, rather, indeed, quin etiam : why even, in fact, moreover. quinam quaenam quenam quodnam : which? what? quindeciens : fifteen times quingenti : five hundred. quinquagesimus : fiftieth, a fiftieth part quinque : five quinquennis : five years old. quinquiplico : (-are) to multiply by five quinymo quinimmo : no, rather quippe : certainly, to be sure, indeed, of course quiris : curis : a spear quiritatio : a scream, cry, shriek quirito : (-are) to scream, cry out quis : anyone, anybody, anything quis : (question) who?, what?, which? quislibet : anybody, whom you will, all, any quisnam, quidnam : who, what quispiam : anyone, anything / someone, something quisquam : anyone, anything. quisque : each one, each person quisquiliae : quisquiliarum : rubbish, trash, garbage, refuse quisquis : whoever, whatever, whatsoever, anything at all. quo : (masc. sing. abl.) (the money) BY means of WHICH he lived. quo : (neut. sing. abl.) (the eagerness) THROUGH WHICH he died. quo : to which place, to what place, whither, where. quod : (with comparative) the x the better (quod celior = the faster the better) quod : (beginning sentence) and, but, now. quod : (neut. sing. nom.) (the war), WHICH killed so many. quod : (neut. sing. acc.) (the sea), WHICH you cannot drink dry. quod : (with time) since, as far as, to the extent that. quod : because, whereas, the point that, the fact that. quodammodo : in a certain way, in a certain measure. quomodo : in what manner, how/ in whatever way, somehow. quondam : formerly, once, at one time, ertswhile. quoniam : since, whereas, because. quoque : also, too. quorum : (masc. pl. gen.) the army, half OF WHICH was ill. quorum : (neut. pl. gen.) dangers, OF WHICH there were not a few. quos : (masc. pl. acc.) those WHOM he accused of treachery. quot : how many, as many (indecl.). quotiens : often. quotienscumque : however often. quovis : to whatever place you will. R: rabidus : raging, crazy. rabies : madness, fury, frenzy. rabiose : savagely, furiously. radicitus : by the roots, utterly. rapio rapui ratum : to seize, snatch, carry away. rare : thinly, rarely, uncommonly. rarus : rare, uncommon /far apart /thin, scanty. ratio : reckoning, account /reason, judgment, consideration. ratio : system, manner, method, procedure, manner. re vera : in truth. recedentia : retreat, ebbing, disappearance / distant, far. recedo : to go back, retreat, retire, disappear. recedo : retire, withdraw recessus : a going back, retreat /place of retreat, quiet place. recipio recepi receptum : to go back, retire, recede, retreat. recito : to read aloud, recite. recognosco : to recognize, recollect, recall. recolligo : gather, regather, flock together recolo : reflect upon, consider, recall. recolo : to cultivate, work again, resume, rehabilitate recolo : to recall, reflect upon, rework, resume, rehabilitate. reconcilio : to restore, repair / (of persons) unite, reconcile. recondo : lay up, store, hoard. recordatio : recollection, memory, recall. recordor : to remember, think of, recollect, ponder over. recro : to recreate, restore, revive. rector : guider, leader, director, ruler, master rectum : virtue, right rectus : right, correct, proper, upright, natural, plain. recuperatio : recovery, recuperation. recupero : to regain, recoup, recover. recuso : to refuse. recuso : to refuse, decline, reject, be unwilling redarguo : disprove, refute. with gen. prove guilty, convict. reddo : to repeat, recite, represent, imitate, pay up, deliver. reddo : to give back, restore, return /answer, translate, render. redemptio : ransoming, redemption, buying back, farming taxes. redemptor : redeemer (Christ). redeo : to fall back upon, be reduced to, be brought to. redeo : to go back, come back, return /(revenue) to come in. redeo : to be reduced to, fall back upon. redigo :(redactum) to bring or reduce to a condition, lessen. redimio : to crown, bind around. redimo : to redeem, ransom, buy back /hire, buy, procure redintegro : to repair, fix, restore. reditus : return /income, revenue /reward. redivivus : rennovated, reconstructed, rebuilt /recycled. redono : to give back, give up. reduco : to lead back, bring back, return. redundantia : overflowing, redundancy. redundo : to overflow, stream over, overflow, excess, flood. refectorium : refectory, monastic mess hall. refercio : to stuff, cram. refero : to carry back, bring back, return. refero : to bring again, restore, repeat, echo, reproduce, recall. refero : to say back, reply, answer. refero : to put down, enter (in a register) /assign to a cause. refero : to bring as expected, pay up, deliver. refero retuli relatum : to bring back a message, refer. refert retuli : (impersonal) it concerns, it makes a difference. refertus : stuffed, crammed. reformo : to form again, mould anew. refugium : refuge regalis : of a king, royal, regal. regina : queen. regius : royal, regal. regnum : rule, authority, kingdom, realm. rego rexi rectum : to guide, direct, to rule. regula : rule / monastic rule. relaxo : to loosen, enlarge, relax, ease, lighten. relego relegi relectum : to read again, re-read. relevo : to lift again, lighten, alleviate, relieve. relictus : (fr. relinquo) having inherited, been bequeathed. relinquo : to leave behind, bequeath/abandon, forsake. reliquum : remainder, what is left, leavings. relucesco : to become bright again. reluctor : to struggle against, resist. remando : to send back word. remaneo : to remain behind, stay, continue. remaneo : to remain, stay, continue rememdium : cure, remedy, nostrum, medicine. removeo : to draw back, set aside, take away. remuneror : to repay, reward. renovo : to revive, renew, restore, repair, repeat. renovatio : renewal, renovation, restoration. renuntio : to declare, announce, report, give notice. renuo : to deny, refuse, reject. reor : to think, suppose, decide reparo : to restore, renew, make good /buy, purchase, obtain in trade repecto : to comb back repello : to drive back, repel rependo : to ransom, pay back, requite. repens : sudden, unexpected, fresh, recent. repente : suddenly, unexpectedly. repere : to crawl. reperio : to get again, find, ascertain, dicover, invent. reperio : get again, find again / discover, invent. repetitio : repetition. repeto : to return to, begin again, deduce, recall, recollect. repeto : to seek again, ask back. repleo : to replenish, fill up, fill up again, fill, satisfy. repletus : filled, full. repo repsi reptum : to creep, crawl. repono : to deposit, lay up, store / requite. reprehendo : to blame, reprove, refute, hold back, check, catch. repugno : to reproba : -ae, false reprobo : atum : reject, disaprove, condemn reputo : -are, to consider, judge requietum : to rest. requiro : to ask for, look for, demand, desire, miss. res publica : commonwealth, state, republic, public business. res rei : thing, matter, busines, affair. resarcio : to repair, mend, patch. reseco : to cut back, cut short, diminish reservo : keep back, hold back, reserve /keep, preserve. resisto : to resist, make a stand, oppose. respergo : [resperi, respersum] to sprinkle, splash. respicio : to look back, provide for, respect, have regard for. respiratio : respiration, exhalation. respiro : to breathe /breathe again /recover /decline, diminish, ebb. respondeo respondi responsum : to answer, reply, respond. responsal : deputy, representative. responsiva : a written reply, answering letter. repuo : to reject restio : rope-maker. restituo : restore, put back, replace, reinstate, repair. resumo (resumpsi, resumptum) : to renew, repeat, resume. resurrectio : f, resurection, awakening, renewal retardo : to impede, slow down, obstruct retendo : to slacken, unbend, become flexible. retineo : to hold back, restrain, detain, keep, maintain. retraho : retraxi : retractum : to draw back, pull back. retribuo : to give again, give as due. reus : defendant, accused, answerable, bound. revenio : to come back, return. reverto : to go back, return, revert. revertor reverti reversus : to return, come back. revoco : to call back, recover, refer, revoke. revolvo : to unroll a book, go over again, repeat. rex regis : king. rhetor : rhetorician, teacher of rhetoric. rhetoricus : rhetorical. rideo risi risum : to laugh at, laugh. ridiculum : n, ridiculous riginta : (indecl.) thirty. rigor : stiffness, hardness, sterness. ritus : usage, ceremony, rite. rogo : to ask, ask for. rogo eum ut +subjunctive : to ask someone to do something. rostrum : bill of a bird, beak. rota : wheel. Rotomagense : Rouen. rotundus : wheel-shaped, round. rubor : redeness, blush, modesty, shame, disgrace. rudimentum : trial, attempt, essay. rudis : rude, raw, rough, uncultivated. rudo : to bellow, roar. rufus : red, ruddy. ruga : a wrinkle. ruinosus : falling down, going to ruin. rumex : sorrel rumino : to chew the cud, ruminate. rumor : rumor, gossip. rumpo : rumpi : rumpus : to break, shatter, interrupt, annull, violate. runa : a dart. runco : to thin out, weed, cull. ruo : rui : rutum : to rush, fall, be ruined. rursus : on the other hand, in return, back, again. rus : ruris : the country, countryside, rural area. rustice : (adv) boorishly, in a peasant manner. rusticus : rustic, rural /peasant. ruta : bitterness, unpleasantness, the herb rue. rutila : a spade, shovel. rutilus : red, golden, auburn. S: sabbatum : sabbath. sacculus : purse, little bag, little sack. sacrificum : sacrifice. sacrilegus : sacrilegious, impious. saepe : sepe : often, frequently, repeatedly. saepe : sepe : hedge, fence, enclosure, haye. saepenumero : repeated, again and again. saepius sepius : often, frequently, repeatedly. saeta : hair. saeta equina : horse-hair. saevio : to rage, be furious, take violent action. sal : salis : salt, wit. salsus : salty, witty. saltem : adv, at least saltem : at least, at all events. salus : health, safety, well-being, salvation /salutation. saluto : to wish well, greet, visit, reverence, pay respect to. salutor : visitor, caller. salveo : to be well, be in good health. salvus : safe, sound. sanctifico : to sanctify, make holy. sanctimonia : purity, charity, virtue, sanctity, sacredness. sanctimonialis : nun, sister. sanctus : holy, sacred, /saint. Sanctus Egidius : St. Gilles. Sanctus Eleutherius : St. Eligius. Sanctus Rodoenus : St. Ouen. sane : rationally, sensibly, really, indeed, to be sure. sane : (adverb) rationally, soberly /really, indeed sanitas : health, soundness of mend, sanity. sano : to heal. Santiago : st. james. sanus : sound, healthy, sane. sapiens : (subs.) a wise man, philosopher. sapiens : wise, judicious. sapienter : wisely, judiciously. sapientia : wisdom. sarcina : bundle, pack, burden, load. satago : have one's hands full, have enough to do. satago : to pay a creditor, satisfy a creditor. satio : to satisfy, sate. satis : enough, sufficient /sufficiently. sato : to sow, plant. satura : satire. saturo : to fill, satisfy. satus : origin, start, beginning /planting, sowing. scaber : scabby, rough. scabies : the itch, mange, a rash. scaccarium : chessboard, game of chess. Scaldus : Scheldt. scamnum : bench, stool. scaphium (sciphus : Herimann, cap. 24) pot, bowl, drinking vessel. scapulare : sword-belt. scapulus : the shoulder. sceleratus : scelero : to pollute with guilt, with blood, etc. scelestus : wicked, accurse, infamous, criminal. scelus sceleris : crime, sin, evil deed, wickedness. schola : school /elite troop of soldiers. scientia : knowledge, science, skill. scilicet : evidently, certainly, of course, no doubt, assuredly. scilicet : rightly, it is just scindo : to cut, rend, split/divide, separate scio : to know, understand. scisco : investigate, ask, inquire/ vote, ordain, resolve. scribo, scripsi scriptum : to write, compose. scrinium : bookcase, case for papers. scriptor : writer, author, scribe. se astringo : to commit oneself to. se gero : to conduct oneself, conduct, carry on. se habere : to keep oneself. secedo : to go apart, withdraw. secerno secrevi secretum : to separate. seco : secui : sectum : to cut, hurt, wound, amputate, divide, part. seco : to settle (as to settle an argument). secundum : (+ inf.), following, after, during, according to. secundum : (adv.) after, behind. secundum : accordingly, in an accordance with secundus : second. securis : axe, hatchet, battle-axe. securus : safe, secure, free from care, unworried, unconcerned. secus : non secus, haud secus: just so. secus : otherwise, not so. secus : wrongly, badly, not as one would wish. secus + atque or quam : differently from, otherwise than. secuutus : follower, pursuer. sed : but/ and indeed, what is more. sedeo sedi sessum : to sit. seditio : dissension, quarrel, insurrection, mutiny, rising. sedo : to settle, smooth, calm, allay. seductor : seducer. seges : wheatfield, wheat crop, field of wheat. semel : a single time, for the first time, even once, once, ever. semen-inis : seed, kin semper : always, ever. senectus : old age, dotage. senex senis : old, aged, old man. sensus : feeling, sense. sententia : opinion, thought, way of thinking, meaning, purpose. sentio : feel, perceive, experience, hold an opinion, sentio : to judge, suppose, vote. seorsum : apart, separately. sepelio : to ruin, destroy, bury. septem : seven. sepulchrum :grave, tomb, sepulcher. seputus : buried, sunk, immersed. sequax : following, attending, pursuing. sequor sequi secutus : to follow, trail. serio : seriously. serius : serious, grave, solemn. sermo : discussion, talk, common talk, conversation, rumor. sero : to sow, plant. Also, late, at a late hour. servio : (+ dat.) to be a slave to, serve. servitus : serviude, slavery. servo : to watch over, keep, protect, observe, save, reserve. servus : slave, serf. sese : himself, herself, itself, =se sesqui : one and a half times sesquimellesimus : 1500th sessio : sitting down, loitering, hanging around /chair, seat. seu : conj : or if..., severitas : severity, rigor, sternness, strictness. si : if. sibimet : to them themselves. sic : so, thus /yes, that is so, that is right. sicco : -are, to dry up, out siccus : dry, thirsty/ sober, temperate. Siclinium : Seclin. sicut : as, just as, as it were, (+verb in subj.) just as if. sidus : constellation, star. signum : sign, seal, indication, sign/ mark /token. silens : silent, still silenti etc : the dead. silentium : silence, stillness, quiet, repose, obscurity. sileo : to be still, silent/ (+ acc.) be silent about / rest. silex silicis (med. cilicis) : hard stone, sharp, rock, flint. siligo : siliginis : wheat, wheat flour. silva : woods, forest. similis : -e like, similar, resembling similis : similar, like, resembling. similitudo : likeness, resemblance/ uniformity. simplex : simple, unaffected. simul : at once, at the same time, together. simul : together simul atque : as soon as. simulatio : pretense, sine : (+ abl.) without. singularis : alone of its kind, solitary /machless, unique. singularis : alone. singulariter : adv, one by one, exceedingly, especialy singuli : one each, one apiece, single, separate. singultim : stammeringly. singultus : sobbing, gasping, death rattle. singulus : single, separate, one at a time, one each. sino : allow, suffer, permit, let. sinus : curve, fold, bend /pocket, lap /bay, gulf /inner feeling, secret heart. siquidem : since, indeed sis : (=si vis) if you wish, are willing, want, prefer sis : (2nd person present subjunctive of sum) you may be. sitio : to be thirsty. sitis : thirst, dryness, drought, eager desire. sive : conj, on the one hand, but if, if...or if. sive seu : or if. slowness, apathy, sluggishness. socer : father in law. socius : partner, comrade, associate, ally, fellow. socius : sharing, associated, allied. socius-i : m, companion socus : plowshare sodalitas : fellowship, companionship, secret society. sol solis : sun. soleo : to be accustomed, be used to. solio : ? Herimann, cap. 28. solitas : lonliness, solitude, being alone. solito : to be accustomed, to have the habit of, the make a practice of. solitudo : solitudinis : loneliness, solitude. solitus : accustomed, usual, habitual, ordinary, customary. solium : chair of state, throne / bath-tub. sollers : clever, skillful. sollicite : anxiously, worriedly. sollicito : to stir up, incite, arouse. sollicitudo : concern, anxiety, solicitude, worry. sollicitudo : uneasiness, anxiety, disquiet, apprehension. sollicitus : troubled, anxious, concerned, worried. sollicitus : uneasy, worried, anxious, restless, agitated. solum : (adv) alone, only. solum : land, country, soil, ground/ bottom, floor, foundation. solum : non solum ... sed etiam: not only ... but also. solus : alone, only, the only. solutio : loosening /payment /solution /explanation. solvo : to loosen, untie, release, free, dissolve, break up. something somniculose : sleepily, drowsily. somniculose : sleepily, drowsily somniculosus : sleepy, drowsy somniculosus : sleepy, drowsy somnio : to dream /(+ acc.) to dream of, imagine foolishly. somnio : to dream /+ acc.to imagine foolishly somnium : dream, fancy, day-dream /foolishness, nonsense. somnium : a dream, fancy /foolish nonesense somnus : sleep. sonitus : noise, sound. sono : to make a noise /sing /celebrate/ (of words) to mean. sophismata : falso conclusions, logical fallacies. sopor : deep sleep. sordeo : to be dirty, appear vile. sordes : filth, meanness, stinginess. sordesco : to become dirty. sortitus : casting lots, deciding by lot. spargo sparsi sparsum : scatter, strew, spread. spatior : to stoll, walk around, take a walk, amble. specialis : secret, confidential /initimate or special friend. specialissimus : very strange, peculiar, individual. specialitas : special friendship /peculiarity, special quality /speciality. speciosus : beautiful, handsome, imposing / specious plausible. spectaculum : spectacle, show. specto : to look at, watch, see/aim at, tend towards. speculum : mirror. specus : cave, cavern, grotto, den. spensa : storehouse spera : (n.pl.) hopes sperno sprevi spretum : to scorn, despise, spurn. spero : to hope for, hope. spes : hope. spiculum : sharp point, sting, spear, dart. spiritus : breath, breathing /life /spirit. spoliatio : plundering, looting, stripping, robbing. spolio : to strip, plunder, despoil, rob, loot spolium : spoils, plunder, booty. sponte : willingly, of one's own accord, unaided. St. Richarius : St. Riquier. stabilis : firm, stable, steadfast. stabilitas : firmness, stability, durability. Stabulaus : Stavelot. statim : adv, instantly, immediately statim : firmly, steadfastly, on the spot, at once, immediately. statua : statue, image. statuo : to cause to stand, establish, place, set up. statuo : to give a ruling, make an arrangment, decide. statuo : to hold, to establish status : stage. stella : star. sterilis : barren, useless, unproductive, vain/ + gen., deprived of. stilla : a drop (of liquid). stillicidium : dripping moisture, rainwater from the eaves. stilus : a pike, pale /a stylus for writing /writing. stipatio : a crowd of attendants, a following. stipator : an attendant of a nobleman. stipatores : following, retinue, attendants, bodguard. stipes : log, stump, tree trunk, branch, post, club. stipo : to compress /to press around, gather around /attend (a person). stips : stipis : small coin, gift. sto : steti : statum : to stand, stand still, stand firm. stolidus : dull, obtuse, dull-witted, dumb. stolide : stupidly. strages : massacre, bloodbath, carnage /debris. strenuus : brisk, active, vigorous/ turbulent, restive. strues : piles, heaps, masses. studio : (+ dat.) to study, pursue eagerly, be eager for. studiose : eagerly. studium : eagerness, zeal. stultus : foolish /a fool. suadeo : to recommend, advise (a person) suasoria : persuasive discourse. sub : (+ acc. or dat.) under, up under, close to, beneath, below. subcribo : subscripsi : subscriptum : to write beneath, sign /prosecute, accuse. subcriptio : subscription, signature / register. subdo : subdidi : subditum : to subject to. subiecto : to put down, to put under. subito : adv. suddenly, unexpectedly. subitus : sudden, unexpected. subiungo : to yoke beneath, join, attach, subdue, subjugate. subjectio : forgery, falsehood subjungo : to join, yoke subligo : to bind below, bind on. sublime : on high, aloft. sublimis : lofty, raised, elevated, sublime. sublimitas : loftiness, height, elevation, sublimity. subluceo : to gleam faintly, glimmer, glow. subluo : to wash beneath /(rivers) flow beneath. sublustris : faintly glimmering, faintly gleaming. subnascor : to grow out of. subnecto : to bind on beneath, to tie. subnego : faintly deny, partially refuse. subnixus subnisus : propped up, supported. subnoto : to mark beneath, notice secretly, write underneath. subnuba : a rival. subnubilus : partly cloudy, somewhat cloudy. subo : to be in heat. subobscenus : risque, faintly obscene. subobscurus : somewhat obscure. subodiosus : rather unpleasant. suboleo : (3 persons only) to give off a smell/ to make onself noticed. suboles : shoot, sprout, offspring, progeny. subolesco : to grow up, mature. suborior : to arise in succession. suborno : to furnish, equip, provide /instigate secretly, suborn. subrepo surrepo : to creep up or crawl up from below. subrideo subrisi subrisum : to smile. subrigo, subrexi subrectum : to raise up, elevate. subringor : to make a face. subruo subruti subrutum : to undermine, overhtrow, destroy. subseco : to cut away, pare. subsentio : to notice secretly. subsequens : P.A.P. of sequor, ensuing, following subsequor : to follow after subservio : to be subject to, comply with. subsidarius : in reserve. subsidium : reserve troops, auxiliary troops /support, help, assistance. subsido : to crouch down, settle, sink, subside /stay remain /lie in ambush subsilio : toleap up, spring up. subsisto : to stand, withstand /stop, halt, cease /stay, remain. substantia : substance, essence, means of subsistence, property. substerno : to spread out beneath, lay under, set out, provide. substo : to stand form. substrictus : narrow, contracted, small. substringo : to draw together, bind up. substructio : base, foundation. substruo : to build beneath, lay a foundation. subsulto : to spring up, leap up. subsum subesse : to be near, close at hand, be under, be subject. subter supter : below, beneath, underneath. subterfugio : to escape. subterlabor : to glide away, flow under, slip away, escape. subvenio : to come to the aid, succor, relieve, help, assist. subvenio : to come up to aid, relieve. subvertio : to destroy, overthrow succedo : to approach, submit, etc. etc. succendo : to kindle, set afire from below. successio : succeeding, succession, descent, descendant. succurro : to run up under /aid, assist, help. sufficio : to be sufficient, suffice, be enough. suffoco : to strangle, choke, suffocate. suffragium : vote, franchise /approval support, aid, assistance. suggero : to bring up, supply, provide, add, attach. place next. sui : himself, herself, itself. sulum : each, every. sum fui futurus : to be, exist. summa : the highest part /whole, sum. summisse : humbly, softly, calmly, modestly. summissus (from summitto) : let down, lowered, gentle, mild. summitto : (se) to condescend, submit /raise, rear, make grow. summitto : to send as help /to send secretly. summitto : to let down, lower /subject, subordinate summopere : very much, exceedingly. sumo : to take, choose, obtain, buy./ take for granted, assume. sumptus : expense, cost. supellex supellectilis : furniture, apparatus, gear. super : (adv.) over, above, besides, beyond, moreover, remaining. super : (prep.) (+ abl.) over, above /concerning, about, besides. superabundo-avi : to be very abundant superbia : pride, arrogance. superbus : overbearing, arrogant, haughty, proud. superficies : surface, top. superfluo : flow over, overflow, be superfluous. superna : northeast by north wind. superne : from above, above. supernus : above, superior. supero : to be above, have the upper hand, surpass, conquer, overcome. superstes : survivor of another's death supersum : to be superfluous, to remain. superus superior supremus or summus : above, upper, high. supervacuus : superfluous, unnecessary, extra : supervenio : to arrive, come up, arrive unexpectedly. suppellex suppellectilus : ornaments. suppellex suppellectilus : household articles, furniture, goods. supplanto : to trip up. supplex : kneeling, entreating, suppliant. supplicium : punishment. suppono subpono : to put under, subject /put next to, add. suppono subpono : to put in place of, substitute, forge. supra : (+ acc.) above. surculus : shoot, sprout. surgo surrexi surrectum : to get up , arise. sursum : upwards. sursum deorsum : up and down. suscipio : to raise up, maintain, support, accept, receive, undertake. suscipio : take up, support, raise /accept /undertake, begin suscitatio : -onis : f, rekindling, awakening suscito : to stir up, arouse, excite. suscriptor : the signer of a document. susicivus : left over, to spare, extra, superfluous. suspectus : suspected suspendo suspendi suspensum : to suspend, hang. suspicio : to look upward at, esteem, respect /to suspect. suspiro : to sigh, draw a deep breath /long for, yearn after. sustento : to maintain, sustain sustineo : to hold up, sustain, endure. sustituo : to put next, put under, put in place of. suus sua suum : (refl. poss. adj.) his, her, its, their own. synagoga : synagogue. T: tabella : writing tablet. tabellae : letter, document. tabernus : booth, hut, cottage, hove, small shop, inn, tavern. tabesco : to melt, waste away, pine, be spoiled. tabgo tetigi tactum : to touch. tabula : board, plank, gaming board, painted panel. taceo tacuitacitum : to be silent, leave unmentioned. taceo : to be silent, say nothing, pass over tactus : sense of feeling, touch. taedium, tedium : disgust, weariness, boredom. talarius : having to do with dice or dice-playing. talea : rod, stick, stake, bar /cutting, slip. talio, -onis : retribution. talis : of such a kind, such. talus : the ankle, ankle bone,. tam ... quam : as ... as possible. tam : adv, so, to such a degree tam : to such a degree, so, so far. tamdiu : for such a long time. tamen : however, but. tamen : nothwithstanding, nevertheless, yet, still, for all that. tametsi : even if, although. tamisium : sieve, sifter (Herman, p. 308). tamquam tanquam : as, just as, like as, just as if. tandem : at last, finally. tango-tetigi-tactum : 3, to touch, touch upon, to speak of tanquam : adv, just as, as if, like as tantillus : so little, so small. tantum : only. tantummodo : only just, just so long as. tantundem : adv, just so much, just as far as tantus : so large, so great, of such a size. tardus : slow, late, tardy. Taruennam : Therouanne. te : (abl.) you /no one's sweeter than YOU. te : (acc.) you /i got YOU, babe. tego texi tectum : to cover, bury, conceal, hide, protect, shield. tela : a web, that which is woven, cloth, tissue telum : javelin, spear, arrow, bolt, dart temerarus : -a-um, rash, imprudent, heedless temeritas : rashness, temerity. temperantia : moderation, self-control, temprance. tempero : be moderate, control oneself. tempero : to mix properly, temper, regulate, mitigate. tempero : (+ dat.) to control, use with moderation, spare, tempero : (+abl. or with ab) to keep from, refrain from. tempestas : storm, weather. Templovium : Templeuve, villa near Cisoing. templum : sacred precinct, temple, sometimes church. temporalis-e : transitory temptatio : trial, temptation. tempus temporis : time, stage, epoch, era. tenax : grasping, stingy, cligning, frugal, obstinate. tendo : to direct, try, attempt, stretch, extend, present, give. teneo : to grasp, know, understand. teneo : to hold, keep, possess, maintain. teneo : to keep on, persist, persevere, endure. tener tenera tenerum : tender, delicate, soft, young. tentatio-onis : f, trial, attack, duration, temptation, judgement tenuis : thin, slight, feeble, slim, slender. tenura : holding, tenure, feudal holding, by feudal tenure. tenus : (after a name in abl. or gen.) up to, down to as far as. tenus : (prep. with abl) as far as, up to, to, down to. tepesco : to cool, grow lukewarm, decrease. tepidus : warm, luke-warm, tepid ter : three times, thrice. terebro : to bore through, perforate. teres : rounded, polished, smooth, fine, elegant. terga dare : to flee, retreat, run awar. tergeo tergo tersi tersum : to wipe, scour, clean tergiversatio : backwardness, reulctance, evasion. tergo (a tergo ) : in the rear, fom behind tergum : back, rear. tergum : skin, hide tergus : the back /skin, hide, leather. termes : a tree branch (especially olive). terminatio : termination, determination, setting of boundaries. termino : restrict, define, close, set a limit to. terminus : a boundary mark, limit, end, border. tero trivi tritum : to rub, wear out. terra : earth, ground, land, country, soil. terrenus-a-um : earthly, temporal terreo : to frighten, terrify, scare away, deter. territo : to scare, frighten, intimidate. territo : to fighten, terrify, intimidate terror : friight, fear, terror. tersus : clean, neat, correct. tertius : third. testimonium : proof, evidence, witness, indication. testis : one who gives evidence, witness, spectator / testicle. texo : the main verb for weaving of cloth. texo : to weave, twine together, plait, construct, build. textilis : woven fabric, piece of cloth. textor textrix : weaver. textus : woven cloth, web. thalassinus : sea-green. theatrum : theater. theca : case, envelope, covering. thema : subject, topic, theme. thema thematis : theme. theologus : theologian. thermae : warm springs, warm baths. thesaurus : treasure, horde /store-room, treasury. thesis : proposition, thesis. thorax : breastplate thymbra : the herb savory. thymum : the herb thyme. tibi: (dat.) you /i can't give YOU anything but love, baby. timeo : to fear, be afraid, dread. timidus : fearful, timid. timor : fear, dread, object causing fear. titulus :label, title, placard. to order, command. tolero : to tolerate, bear, endure, sustain. tollo sustuli sublatum : to lift up, raise, elevate, carry away. tollo : to lift tondeo totonsi tonsum : shave, shear, clip, mow, reap, browse. tonsor : barber. Tornacense : Tournai. torpeo : to be sluggish, inert, numb, inactive, immoveable torqueo : to twist, curl, rack, torture, torment, distort, test. tot : (indecl.) so many. tot : so many. totidem : just as many. toties, totiens : so many times, so often. toto : all togther, completely towards totus : whole, entire, complete, all. traba : a beam of wood, a timber /tree-trunk, ship, table. tractare : to handle, manage, perform. tracto : to drag, handle /treat, discuss, deal with. tractus : a dragging, drawing, pulling /territory, tract. tractus : course, progress, movement /space, time, lapse /extension, length. trado : tradidi : traditum : surrender /hand over /transmit, teach. traho : traxi : tractum : to drag, pull /derive, get. Traiectensium : Utrecht. trans : (+ acc.) across. transeo : to go over, pass over, cross over, go past. transfero transtuli translatum : carry across, transfer, convey. transitus : crossing, passing over, transit /changing, alteration. transmitto : to send, carry, or convey across. transporto : send, carry, or convey across. tredecim : (indecl.) thirteen Trellum : Trlon, castel in Hannonia. tremo : to tremble, shake, shudder. trepide : with trepidation, in confusion, tres tria : three. Treverim : Triers. tribuo : to give out, divide, allot, assign, grant, give, allow. tricesimus : triduana : lasting three days. triduana : lasting three days. triduanus : three days' duration, lasting three days. triduum : a period of three days trilustralis : lasting for fifteen years tripudio : to leap, jump, dance (as in a religious procession). tripudium : joy, rejoicing tristifico : to make sad, cause sadness, sadden tristis : sad, mournful, sowerful tritico : thresh triticeus : sown in wheat triticus : wheat Trium Fontium : Trois-Fontaines, Marne, Vitry-le-Francois. triumphus : triumphal procession, triumph. trucido : to kill cruelly, slay, butcher, massacre, slaughter. truculenter : (adv.) wildly, savagely, fiercely, cruelly, roughly trunco : maim, mutilate, mangle /imperfect, not whole, missing a part. tu : you tubineus : cone shaped tui : your, yours /I read YOUR letter that said, dear john. tum : at that time, then /thereupon, in the next place. tumbus : tumba : tomb tumbarius : keeper of a tomb. tumeo : to puff up, swell /to be pompous. tumesco : to swell up with anger /swell, swell up. tumultus : uprising, disturbance, riot, tumult. tumulo : to bury, inter. tumulosus : hilly. tumulus : mound, grave, heap of earth. tunc : then, at that time, next, and then Tungris : Tongres. turba : uproar, disturbance /mob, crowd, multitude. turbatio : disturbance, confusion. turbatus : angered, exasperated/ disturbed, restless, troubled. turbo : to disturb, upset, throw into disorder, confuse, unsettle. turbo, onis : hurricane. tornado, that which spins turpe : a disgrace. turpis : foul, ugly, disgraceful, morally corrupt. tussio : to cough. tussis : a cough. tutamen : tutaminis : defense, protection. tutela : protection, guard, charge /guardianship, tutelage / tutis : protected, safe, secure. tyrannus : tyrant, absolute ruler. U: ualeo : to be able to, to succeed in (doing something) uber : productive, fertile, abundant, rich. ubertas : bounty, plenty, abundance. uberte : abundantly, uberrime : most luxuriantly, most abundantly, most fruitfully. ubi : when, as soon as / wherein, whereby, whereas. ueraciter : more veracious, more truly ueratius : more true ulciscor : to take vengeance for, avenge / take vengeance on. ullus : any. ulterius : farther, more advanced, more remote. ultio ultionis : avenging, punishment, revenge. ultra : (+ acc.) beyond, on the far side of. ultra : (+ acc.) : farther (than), more (than). ultrix : avenging. umbra : shade, shadow. umerus humerus : shoulder, upper arm. umquam : ever, at any time. una : (adv.) in one, together. uncia : a twelfth, an ounce. unciatim : little by little. unde : whence, from where /how, from whom. undique : from all sides, everywhere, on all sides, altogether. undisonus : resounding, loud with waves. undo : to surge, wave, undulate /to flood. unguentum : salve, balm, ointment. unique, extraordinary, individual, singular. universe : generally, in general. universi : all together. universitas : the whole, total, universe, world /university. universum : universe, the world. universus : combined in one, whole, entire. unparalleled unus : one, only one, at the same time/ single, alone. up, raise, elevate, carry away. upilio opilio : shepher urbanus : urban, urbane, pertaining to the city. urbs urbis : city. uredo : a plant blight. uredo : blight of plants. urino : to dive. urinor : a diver. usitas : customary, usual. usque : all the way, up (to), even (to). usquequaque : always. ustilo ustulo : to burn, scorch, singe. (Hermann, p. 308). usura : using, enjoying, profiting /using money lent /interest usurpo : to take for oneself, use, employ, enjoy /perceive, observe usurpo : to obtain, acquire, get possession of. usus : use, experience, skill, advantage, profit. ut : (+ subj.) (command) to, that. ut : (+ indic.) when, as. ut : (+ subj.) (purpose) in order that, to, that. ut : (+ subj.) (result) so that, that. uter : utrius : either of the two utercumque : whichever of the two uterlibet : whichever of the two you wish uterque : (gen. utriusque) both, each side, each party. uterus : womb, belly, lower stomach. Uticensium : Evroul. utilis : useful, advantageous, helpful. utilitas : utility, usefulness. utinam : If only that were true! Would that it were the case! utique : at any rate, certainly, at least. utor uti usus : to use, employ, possess, enjoy/ associate with, find. utpote : seeing that, inasmuch as, inasmuch as, since, namely. utrimque : from both sides, on both sides. utroque : to both sides, in both directions / at each point. utrum : whether. utrum...an: whether ... or. uxor : wife, spouse. V: vaco : to be free from work, of a master, of property. vacuus : empty, devoid of, free from. vado : go, hasten, rush. vae : (interj.), woe, alas, woe to. valde : adj, great, exceedingly valde : intensely, very much, extremely, greatly valde : strongly, powerfully /very, exceedingly valens : stong, powerful, healthy /able, worthwhile. valeo : valui : valiturus : to be strong, have power, be well. valetudo : health. good health, bad health. validus : strong, mighty, powerful, exceeding. validus : strong, robust, able vallum : palisade, earthen wall, entrenchment, rampart. vapulus : flogged, beaten, knocked about. varietas : variety, differences, diversity. varius : various, varied. vastatio : devastation, ravaging vegetus : lively, fresh, vigorous. vegrandis : diminutive, small, tiny. vehemens : violent, furious, impetuous. vehementer : violently, forcefully, strongly, exceedingly. vehiculum : conveyance, vehicle. veho : (in the passive) to sail, ride, drive, etc. veho vexi vectum : to carry, convey. vel : or, (adv.) even, actually, for example. vel : vel ... vel either ... or. velamen : covering, garment. veles : light-armed troops. velico : to pluck, twitch /criticize, taunt. velitatio : skirmish, bickering, dispute, wrangling velius : velieris : hide, fleece, skin. vello : velli : vulsum : to pull, pluck out. velociter: quickly, rapidly, swiftly. velox : quick, rapid, swift, fast. velum : sail, covering, awning, curtain. velut : adv. just as, like, even as. vena : vein /stream /vein of ore /streak venalia : venial sins /supplies venalicium : market venalis : to be sold, up for sale /a slave venaliter : by bribery, corruption venatio : hunting, game, the chase venator : hunter, huntsman venditio : sale /closing of a bargain vendo : to sell, offer for sale, advertise /betray Vendolius : Vendeuil. veneficus : poisonous, magical /witch, wizard, caster of spells venenum : drug, poison, potion. venenifer : poisonous veneratio : respect, reverence, honor, veneration. venia : grace, indulgence, favor, pardon, forgiveness. venio : veni : ventum : to come /happen, come about, come to pass /arise. venio : to get into a certain state, to fall into. veno : [dative] for sale. venor : to hunt, ventagium : winnowing. venter : ventris : the stomach, belly, abdomen. ventilo : to fan /to wave something. ventio : a coming. ventito : to come often, to visit frequently. ventorium : winnowing fan. ventosus : full of wind, windy, breezy. ventulus : breeze, soft wind. venum : [acc] for sale. ventus : wind, rumor, favor. venustas : loveliness, charm, attractiveness, beauty. vepres : thorn-bush, briar. ver : veris : spring, the production of spring. verbera : (in pl.) blows, a beating, thrashing verberantia : a flogging verbum : word. vere : in fact, real, true. vere : truly, really, actually, rightly. verecundia : feeling of shame, shame, bashfulness. vercundus : bashful, modest vereor : to respect, fear, be in dread of, to be afraid. vergo : to bend, incline, verge, to draw to an end. veritas : truth.. Vernandense : Vermandois. vero : in truth, indeed, to be sure /however. versus : line, verse. verto : to flee/ interpret, understand/ upset, overthrow. verto : to turn, turn around, turn up / to put to flight, rout. verum-i : truth, truly, in fact verumtamen verumptamen : notwithstanding, nevertheless. verus : true, real, proper, right. vesco, vescor : to feed, to eat. vesica : bladder, bladder-like tumor. vesper : evening star, evening. vespera : eening prayer, vespers. vespillo : undertaker. vester vestra vestrum : (plu.) your, yours. vestigium : footstep, trace, mark. vestio vestivi vestitum : to clothe. vestis : clothing, garment, covering, blanket, carpet, tapestry. vestrum vestri : your yours/ you may sing about YOUR pretty gals. vetus : old. vexamen : shake-up, upheaval. vexillum : flag, banner, standard /troop, company, small unit. vexo : to vex, annoy, irritate /shake, toss. via : road, way, street. viaticus : pertaining to a journey , a journey /money, prize-money. viator : traveller /messenger. vicinus : neighbor/ (med.) resident. vicissitudo: change, alteration. victor : victor, winner victoria : victory victualia : supplies, foodstuffs, provisions victus : living, manner of life / nourishment, food. videlicet : (adv.) (ironically) of course, to be sure. videlicet : it is clear/ (adv.) clearly, plainly, namely. video vidi visum : to see, observe, understand, comprehend. videor : to be seen, seem, appear. viduata : deprived, widowed, bereft. viduatus : widowhood. viduo : to deprive. vieo : to weave together, stitch, plait. vietus : shriveled, withered, shrunken. vigilo : to be awake, watch, be vigilant /to keep vigil. vigor : vigor, liveliness. vilicus, villicus : pertaining to an estate, overseer, steward. vilis : cheap, worth little. vilitas : cheapness, low-price, worthlessness. villa : country house, country estate /(med.) manor, village. vinco vici victum : conquer, overcome, master, win, surpass, excel. vinculum : bond, fetter, tie. vindico : to avenge, punish, liberate, deliver, protect. vindico : to liberate, deliver/ punish, avenge/ claim, assume. vindico (vindicatum) : claim, arrogate, assume, appropriate. vinea : f, vineyard vinitor : vine-dresser (a man who prunes grape vines). vinum : wine. vir : man, hero, man of courage. virga : a green twig, rod, stick, wand, broom, streak, stripe. virgo : maiden, virgin, young girl. viridis : green. viriliter : manfully. virtus : manliness, excellence, character, worth, courage. vis : (sing.) violence /a large number, quantity, a force /nature vis vires (pl.) : force, power, strength, might, influence. viscus : flesh, internal organs, bowels, entrails, heart visio : likeness, face, visage vita : life, way of life. vitiosus : vicious, full of vice, corrupt. vitium : fault, vice, crime. vito : to avoid, shun. vitualis-e : manliness, virtures vituperium : insult viva vox : an oral statement vivificus : live-giving, life-restoring vivo vixi victum : to live, be alive. vix : scarcely, hardly, with difficulty, barely. vobis : (abl.) you /who knows more than YOU? i do! vobis : (dat.) you /i'm talkin' to YOU, yeah, talkin' 'bout Cindy. vociferor : to cry aloud, shout. voco : to call, summon, name invite. voco in dubium: to call into question. volaticus : winged, flying /inconstant, unreliable/ flighty. volatilis: wuged, flying /swift, rapid /fleeting, transitory. volens : willing, favorable. volito : to rush back and forth, flutter, flit about / hurry, hasten. volo : to wish, want, will, ordain, suppose, maintain that, be willing. volo : to fly, speed, move rapidly. volo (sibi velle) : to mean, signify, denote. volubilis : (of speech) rapid, fluent, voluble. volubilis : rolling, revolving, turning around /changeable, inconstant. volubiliter : fluently. voluntarius : voluntary. voluntas : last will, testament / meaning, sense. voluntas : wish, will, inclination / good will. volup : agreeably, pleasantly. voluptarius : pleasant, one devoted to pleasure. voluptas : pleasure. voluptuosus : delightful, pleasurable. volutabrum : pigsty, slough. volva : vulva : womb (particularly that of a sow). vomer : plowshare. vomica : ulcer, sore, boil /plague, curse. vomito : to vomit, vomit forth, throw up. vorago : chasm, pit, abyss. vorax : gluttonous, voracious. voro : to eat greedily, swallow up, consume, gorge oneself. vos : (acc.) you (pl) /I'll fight YOU all, then .. bring me giants! vos : you (pl) /YOU can't catch me, i'm the gingerbread man. votum : prayer, wish, desire /vow, promise to God. voveo vovi votum : to promise to God, vow, pray for. vox vocis : voice, word /(med.) power, right, authority. vulgaris : common, ordinary, usual. vulgariter : in the common way, ordinary manner. vulgivagus : wandering, vagrant, intinerant. vulgo : to spread, publish, impart, make accessible. vulgus : the common people, mob, rabble. vulnero : to wound, injure, hurt, harm. vulnus : wound. vulpes volpes : fox. vulticulus : look, aspect, appearance. vultuosus : grimacing, affected. vultur : voltur vulturius volturius : vulture. vultus : expression of the face, countenance, look, aspect. vultus : the face. X: xiphias : sword-fish. Y: ymber : rain shower, rain storm, pelting rain. ymo (immo): on the contrary, by no means/ by all means